How to quickly format text using Microsoft Word styles. Abstract on computer science on the topic "style formatting" (grade 7 fgos) Why do we need formatting styles
Lesson summary Style formatting (grade 8, lesson 24, textbook by Bosova LL). The lesson expands and systematizes ideas about the formatting of document pages.
Planned educational results:
— subject– an idea of text formatting as a stage of creation text document; an idea of style formatting; idea of different text formats;
— metasubject– a wide range of skills and abilities in the use of information and communication technologies to create text documents; skills of rational use of available tools;
— personal– understanding of the social, general cultural role in the life of a modern person of the skills of qualified keyboard writing.
Solved educational tasks:
1) the formation of ideas about style formatting;
2) expansion and systematization of ideas about the formatting of document pages (page orientation, margins, page numbers, headers and footers);
3) formation of ideas about the diversity of text file formats.
Basic concepts studied in the lesson:
- formatting;
- style;
- page settings;
- text file formats.
ICT tools used in the lesson:
— Personal Computer(PC) teachers, multimedia projector, screen;
- Student's PC.
Electronic educational resources
- presentation "Style formatting";
— resources of federal educational portals:
1) animation "Styles in MS Word",
2) animation "Templates in MS Word".
Features of presenting the content of the topic of the lesson
1. Organizational moment (1 minute)
Greeting students, communicating the topic and objectives of the lesson.
2. Review (5 minutes)
1) checking the studied material on questions (1-3) to §4.3;
2) visual verification of homework in RT: 182-187;
3) consideration of tasks that caused difficulties in doing homework.
3. Learning new material (20 minutes)
The new material is presented accompanied by the presentation "Style Formatting".
1 slide- name of the presentation;
2 slide - keywords;
- formatting
- style
- page settings
- text file formats
3 slide - general information about formatting (scheme);
Text formatting- the process of its design.
The main purpose of formatting- make the perception of the finished document simple and enjoyable for the reader.
Style formatting— structural elements (headings, body text, examples).
4 slide - style formatting (scheme);
Smaller documents can be formatted with direct formatting. When working with large texts, usually used style formatting. The meaning of this operation is that structural elements, carrying the same functional load (for example, headings of the same level, body text, examples, etc.), a certain formatting style is assigned - a set of formatting parameters (font, its style and size, first line indent, line spacing, etc. .).
Style formatting has a number of advantages over direct formatting:
— saves time- Applying a style as a set of formatting options is much faster than setting the corresponding options one by one;
— ensures uniformity in the design of a text document- with direct formatting, structural elements that are identical in functionality may differ in their formats; the use of a certain style introduces rigor into the design of the document;
— allows you to quickly change the appearance of individual elements throughout the document- just make changes to the style, and the design will be changed throughout the document.
You can create your own styles or use pre-made styles available in word processor. Based on certain styles are created templates standard documents- booklets, diplomas, business cards, invoices, resumes, business letters, reports, etc. The user just needs to enter his information in separate blocks of the template, and it will automatically acquire a predetermined design.
View and discuss the animation "Styles in MS Word".
View and discuss the animation "Templates in MS Word".
5 slide- document page formatting (scheme);
When making a text document intended for printing, special attention should be paid to its location on sheets of paper.
In most cases, A4 size paper (210 x 297 mm) is used.
The user can choose paper sheet orientation:
— book- the height of the sheet is greater than its width;
— landscape- the width of the sheet is greater than its height.
The text of the document is placed on the page in the print area, limited by margins. fields are white space around the edges of the page. Distinguish top, bottom, left and right margins. Page numbers and headers and footers are placed in the margins. Running title- auxiliary information that is displayed on each page of the document.
Describe the basic requirements for abstract design.
Basic requirements for the design of the abstract.
The abstract should be made on one side of sheets of A4 white paper (210 x 297 mm).
Page margins (not less than):
- right - 30 mm (for teacher's comments),
- top, bottom, left 20 mm each.
First line indent: 8-12 mm, the same throughout the text.
Line spacing: one and a half.
Paragraph alignment: justified.
The typeface for the body text is Times New Roman or equivalent.
Size (size): 12-14 points.
Font color: black.
Headings of sections and subsections should be printed on a separate line with a capital letter without a dot at the end, without underlining. Center or left alignment. Spacing: before heading - 12 points, after - 6 points.
Pages should be numbered in Arabic numerals, following continuous numbering throughout the text (the title page and table of contents are included in the overall numbering). The title page is not numbered.
At the top of the title page it is written in which educational institution the work is being done, then the type (“Abstract”) and the topic of the work are indicated in large letters, below in the right half of the sheet - information about those who completed and who checks the work. In the center of the lower part of the title page, the name of the settlement and the year of the work are written.
6 slide- saving documents in various text formats (scheme);
When you save a text document in a file on external media, the actual text and its formatting commands are saved. When reading a text document, the processor reads the text and its formatting commands, executes these commands, and displays the formatted text on the screen.
The most common file formats are:
save text documents:
- TXT - saves the text without formatting, only the control characters of the end of the paragraph are inserted into the text;
- DOC - proprietary format Microsoft documents word;
- ODT - OpenOffice.org Writer's own document format;
-RTF- universal format, which preserves all formatting; converts control codes to text commands, which can be read and interpreted by many applications; compared to other formats, it has a fairly large information volume;
- HTML - the format used to store Web pages;
- PDF is a format intended for presentation in in electronic format printed documents; ensures the correct display of the document regardless of the operating system.
7 slide- the most important thing.
Text formatting- the process of its registration; the perception of the document becomes simpler due to the isolation and uniform design of the same type of structural elements of the text. Distinguish:
- direct formatting;
- style formatting.
Character Formatting- changing the values of the properties of the entered characters: font, size, style, color, etc.
Paragraph formatting- changing properties such as alignment, first line indent, line spacing, left and right indents, intervals before and after, etc.
Main document page settings are paper size, page orientation, and margins.
The following file formats are the most common in which text documents are saved: TXT, DOC, ODT, RTF, HTML, PDF.
Questions and tasks
8 slide- Questions and assignments.
Questions 4, 7, 9 to paragraph 4.3
RT: No. 188, 189.
4. Practical part (15 minutes)
In the practical part of the lesson, students continue to complete tasks 4.10-4.16 from tasks for practical work to chapter 4.
5. Summing up the lesson. Homework message. Grading (4 minutes)
9 slide- reference summary;
10 slide- D/z.
Homework.
§4.3 (4, 5, 6), questions and tasks 4-9 to the paragraph,
RT: No. 188, 189.
All material for the lesson is in the archive.
Archive includes:
- abstract,
- answers and solutions to tasks in the workbook,
– basic requirements for the design of the abstract,
- presentation "Style formatting",
- animation "Styles in MS Wosd",
- animation "Templates in MS Wosd".
Download(1.81 MB, rar): Lesson summary
Formatting principle
Principles of word processing
The purpose of processing any text is to give it some form that facilitates the perception of information and is subject to generally accepted rules and standards.
Formatting - giving a document a certain form.
All structural units of the document are formatted - from the character to the entire document. Formatting is performed using the Format menu item. For each structural unit of the document, special commands are used. For example, to format font characters, the command Format ® Font calls up a dialog box for setting character parameters, and to format a paragraph, there is a command Format ® Paragraph. The remaining commands of the Format menu item are applicable both to sections or the entire document, and to individual elements of text. The exception is the Page Setup command located in the File menu item. This command invokes the general settings dialog box for the document. For example, paper size and orientation, margins.
Note.
Fields are conveniently set using the mouse, moving the field boundaries in the desired direction.
Format commands apply:
Font - to selected characters (if there are no selected characters, then formatting will be applied to newly entered characters, ᴛ.ᴇ. by default);
Paragraph - to the selected or current paragraph (the current paragraph is called the paragraph in which the insertion point is located - the cursor;
Page settings - to the entire document.
Formatting options:
Font - type, size, style, underline, color, as well as various special effects for font symbols;
Paragraph - alignment, indents, spacing, as well as paragraph break control functions when switching to another page.
Select (isolate) the object on which actions will be performed, and then select a command.
The appearance and design of the document should be in a certain uniform style. Those. some text elements may have the same format. For example, all headings in a document are italic and center-aligned, while paragraph text is justified, has a first-line indent and regular characters, and so on. In this case, it is convenient to apply a style to format these elements.
Style - ϶ᴛᴏ paragraph format pattern.
Applying a style is the procedure for formatting a paragraph in accordance with a sample style.
The style is applied to the entire paragraph.
Style technology.
1 Select an object.
2 Select a style from the style list.
The list of styles is on the Formatting toolbar as a select from list box.
In addition to the styles available in the list box, you can create your own style and then use it for formatting.
Technology for creating a style “on the model”:
1 Format the sample paragraph;
2 Click in the selection field on the name of the style, select it;
3 Enter the name of the new style from the keyboard and press Enter.
Style- This is a collection of formatting options that has its own name.
In order for the text to be easy to read, it must be formatted accordingly: select headings, arrange subheadings in accordance with their level, make captions for figures and tables, highlight new terms, notes, set headers and footers, etc. Format each of the elements manually long and inefficient. With styles, you can set multiple formatting options in one step. At the same time, for each of the design elements, you can set your own style, which will have a unique name. It is enough to set the required styles, and then each time just select the required one from the list.
Using styles can improve efficiency and speed up work.
At MS word style can be applied to an entire paragraph or to multiple characters.
The default style is set to Usual . This style is applied to the body text of any document and serves as the basis for creating other styles. Formatting options can be found in the style description contained in the dialog boxes. Style, Style change, Style creation, Organizer. All of the dialog boxes listed above contain a section Description, which represents all the format options.
Setting Styles
The dialog box provides the widest possibilities for working with styles. Style. To set a style using a dialog box Style you need to do the following:
1. Position the cursor within the text fragment in which you want to change the style.
2. Choose a team Format –> Style. A dialog box will open Style(Fig. 4.28).
3. Listed Style select the desired style.
4. Press the button Apply.
Using the dialog box Style you can also:
- modify existing styles;
- create new styles;
- delete custom styles that have become unnecessary;
- copy the required styles from one template to another.
Rice. 4.28. Dialog window Style.
Headings rarely include headings of all levels. A table of contents containing the names of all parts of the document can look too cumbersome. On the other hand, a table of contents containing only top-level headings provides too little information about the content of the document.
To create a table of contents, follow these steps:
1. Place the cursor within the text in which you want to create a table of contents.
2. Choose a team Insert –> Table of Contents and Indexes. A dialog box will open Table of contents and indexes(Fig. 4.29).
3. Go to tab Table of contents.
4. In the field Format select a way to present the table of contents, in the field Levels - the level of headers to include, and in the field placeholder - padding characters between headings and page numbers.
5. Press the button OK.
Rice. 4.29. Inclusion in the table of contents for levels 1-3
After pressing the button OK a layout of the table of contents will appear on the screen, which you can later modify and format.
Rice. 4.30. Ready-made table of contents, including headings of three levels
Auto Format
Auto Format can format the document without user intervention. MS Word analyzes the document, identifies individual elements, and then formats the text using the styles of the attached template.
Auto-formatting can be performed both as you enter text, and after you enter it. In this case, the user reserves the right to accept or reject the formatting made using autoformat. In addition, you can partially accept, and part of the changes made - to refuse.
What is "style formatting"?
Style formatting is the formatting of text using styles. If you set the desired style for a paragraph, the editor will automatically format it by setting a specific font, paragraph characteristics, language, framing, numbering, etc. Secondly, if you later change the characteristics of the style, then the corresponding characteristics for all paragraphs with this style will also automatically change. That. greatly simplifies the change process appearance a multi-page document in accordance with a given standard (for example, a thesis or a scientific article).
In the Word text editor, there is a large number of styles, but mostly used styles:
Þ Heading 1 - for chapter titles.
Þ Heading 2 - for titles of paragraphs
Þ Normal - for plain text
Þ Footnote text - to define footnotes.
How to set the desired style?
There are two ways to set the desired style. First, you need to place the cursor on the desired paragraph. Secondly, you can set the desired style from the drop-down list in the toolbar or select the Style command in the Format submenu and specify the required style in the dialog box.
Why are templates needed?
A template is a style library. There are a large number of templates. For example, Normal (used by default for all newly created templates), Thesis, Brochure, etc.
Templates allow you to use the same style in different text documents. If create new document command "Create" from the submenu "File", the editor will prompt you to select a template for your document. Usually choose the standard template Normal.
To create a new template, select the "New" command from the "File" submenu and put the switch in the "Template" position. You can also save a text document as a template using the "Save As" command from the "File" submenu, changing the file type to "Document Template" (dot extension).
How to create or change a style?
First, select the "Style" command from the "Format" submenu. Secondly, a corresponding dialog box will appear on the screen. Thirdly, to create a new style, you must click on the "Create" button and enter a new name for the style. Further, by clicking on the "Format" button, you can define the required characteristics of the style.
To change a pre-existing style, you must select its name from the list of styles, and click on the "Change" button. Further, using the "Format" button, the necessary characteristics are modified.
IN dialog boxes"Create Style" and "Edit Style" have an "Add to Template" checkbox. When the checkbox is enabled, the changes made in the style will also be written to the current template, which will allow using this style in other text documents. If the checkbox is not enabled, then the style changes will be used only in the current document.
Note. If with text editor other users than you are working, it is better not to write changes to the Normal template. Because in this case, "foreign" documents will also be changed.
Note. The final recording of the style change in the template will be made only after the next saving of the document in a file and a positive response to the corresponding request.
How to create a table of contents for a document?
Using the styles "Heading 1", "Heading 2", etc. It is quite easy to create this table of contents automatically. First, you need to set these styles to the corresponding paragraphs. Secondly, set the text cursor to the desired location in the document. Third, select the "Tables and Indexes" command from the "Insert" submenu. Fourth, in the dialog box that appears, go to the "Contents" tab, set the desired parameters and click on the "OK" button.
How to undo a completed operation in Word?
To undo incorrect operations, you can use the Edit submenu with undo commands or the toolbar buttons. The toolbar is easier to use. With it, you can undo or restore one last operation or several operations at once according to the list. To display a list of operations, click on the button with a triangle next to the undo/restore button.
How to find the right word in the typed text?
Text word editor allows you to work with documents containing hundreds and thousands of words. What to do if there is a need to find the desired section in the document? To do this, in the "Edit" submenu there is a "Find" command. Executing this command will cause the Find dialog box to appear on the screen. You must enter a word or phrase to search. Specify the search direction: everywhere, forward from the cursor or backward from the cursor. You can also set additional search characteristics. Next, click on the "Find Next" button. For the next search, click on this button again. To stop the search, click on the "Cancel" button.
How to find and replace the typed word in the text with another one?
Sometimes in the finished document it is necessary to replace one word with another. Instead of doing it yourself, you can use the "Replace" command from the "Edit" submenu. Or click on the "Replace" button in the "Find" dialog box. As a result, the "Replace" dialog box will appear on the screen. It is similar to the previous dialog box. Just an input field for the replaced text will appear in it. For a one-time replacement, click on the "Replace" button in the dialog box. If you want to perform several replacement operations in the entire text, then select the "Replace All" button.
What is "framing and shading" in Word?
To perform the "Frame and Fill" operation, use the "Format" submenu and the command of the same name. A dialog box with two tabs will appear on the screen. The first tab "Bordering" creates a border for the paragraph. You can select the frame type and line type, line color. The Fill tab allows you to set the fill type of the paragraph background. In this tab, you can set the pattern with the number of dots from 5% to 100%, the background color and the color of the pattern.
You can also use the toolbar to work with framing and shading, but its buttons have fewer options than the menu. Therefore, it is recommended to still use menu commands for work.
Note. In Word 97 given command called Border and Shading. The dialog box offers more options for decorating text.
How to check spelling in Word?
Spell checking is the identification and correction of errors in the text of the document. In addition to incorrectly spelled words, erroneous phrases, repetitions and errors in the use of capital letters are detected. When checking spelling, the computer checks the spelling of words using a special dictionary. There are two possibilities for spell checking in Word - automatic during text input and periodic at the user's command.
DIRECT AND STYLE TEXT FORMATTING
Direct Formatting
Text formatting - the process of its design. The main purpose of formatting is to make the perception of the finished document simple and pleasant for the reader.
Character Formatting
Symbol - the minimum graphic unit of text.
Paragraph formatting
Paragraph is the portion of the document between two adjacent non-printing end-of-paragraph control characters. The process of entering a paragraph is ended by pressing the key Enter .
Paragraph properties include: alignment, first line indent, line spacing, left and right indents, intervals before and after.
Paragraph alignment - the position of the paragraph relative to the side borders of the page.
Paragraph alignment examples
Indents left and right - the distance from the edge of the page to the left (and, accordingly, right) paragraph border.
Text indent examples:
First line indent - indent before a paragraph, red line.
First line indent examples:
Intervals before And after set the distance between adjacent paragraphs above and below.
Line spacing defines the spacing between adjacent lines within a paragraph.
Line spacing examples:
Style formatting.
Smaller documents can be formatted with direct formatting. When working with large texts, as a rule, style formatting is used. The meaning of this operation lies in the fact that structural elements that carry the same functional load are assigned a certain formatting style - a set of formatting parameters (font, its style and size, first line indent, line spacing). Modern word processors allow you to automatically create table of contents documents in which style formatting is applied to the headings of sections at different levels. Using a special command, the user specifies the headings of which levels should be included in the table of contents, paragraphs of the specified styles are automatically selected from the text of the document and placed, indicating the page numbers from which they were taken, in new section"Table of contents".
You can create your own styles or use the ready-made ones available in the word processor. Based on certain styles, templates of standard documents are created - booklets, diplomas, business cards, invoices, resumes, business letters, reports.
It is enough for the user to enter his information into separate blocks of the template and it will automatically acquire the specified design.
Formatting pages of documents.
When making a text document intended for printing, special attention should be paid to its location on sheets of paper.
