Formatting a text document. Editing and Formatting Features in Word

Document Formatting

Character Formatting

Formatting is used to present the content of a document in a more understandable and expressive way. Symbols are the main objects that make up a text document, therefore, first of all, it is necessary to correctly set the basic parameters that determine their appearance: font, size, style and color.

Font. The font is full set characters (letters, numbers, punctuation marks, math characters, and special characters) of a specific pattern. Each font has its own name, such as Times New Roman, Arial, Courier New, etc.

According to the way they are represented in a computer, they differ raster and vector fonts. Methods are used to represent bitmap fonts raster graphics when the non-rift characters are groups of pixels. Bitmap fonts only allow scaling by certain factors (for example, MS Sans Serif 8, 10, 12, etc.). In vector fonts, characters are described by mathematical formulas and allow arbitrary scaling.

Typically, different characters in a font also have different widths, for example, the letter "W" is wider than the letter "A". However, there are also monospace fonts in which the width of all characters is the same. An example of such a font is Courier New.

There is another division of all fonts: fonts serif(e.g. Times New Roman) and chopped(for example, Arial). It is believed that serif fonts are easier on the eye, and therefore they are used in most printed texts. Serrated fonts are usually used for headings, highlights in the text and captions for figures "Examples of various fonts are presented in Table 3.4.

Font size. The unit of measure for font size is a point (1 pt = 0.376 mm). Font sizes can be varied widely (usually from 1 to 1638 pt), with most editors defaulting to 10 pt. The following are examples of text representation using fonts of various sizes:

Symbol color. If you plan to print a document in multicolor, then for different groups of characters you can set different colors selected from the palette offered by the text editor.

Control questions

1. What parameters determine the appearance of symbols?
2. What types of fonts are there?

Paragraph formatting

The paragraph highlights a part of the text in the text, representing a fragment of the document that is complete in meaning, the end of which serves as a natural pause for the transition to a new thought. In computer text documents, a paragraph ends with an end-of-paragraph control character. Entering the end of a paragraph is provided by pressing the (Enter) key and is displayed by the ¶ symbol if the display mode of non-printing characters is enabled.

A paragraph can consist of any set of characters, pictures, and objects from other applications. Formatting paragraphs allows you to prepare a correctly and beautifully designed document.

Paragraph alignment. Alignment reflects the location of text relative to page margin boundaries. The four most commonly used paragraph alignment methods are: left, center, right and in width(Fig. 3.8).

Indents and spacing. An entire paragraph can be indented. left and on right, which are measured from the borders of the page margins. Yes, the epigraph work of art or the details of the addressee in the application are indented on the left, and when making a corner stamp, you can use the indent on the right (Fig. 3.10).

Rice. 3.10. Paragraph indents

You can change the spacing between document lines by setting different line spacing values ​​( single, double etc.). To visually separate paragraphs from each other, you can set increased intervals before and after paragraph.

Control questions

1. What are the main paragraph formatting options?
2. What is the difference between indenting the first line of a paragraph and indenting a paragraph?
3. What is the difference between line spacing and paragraph spacing?

Numbered and bulleted lists

Lists are a convenient option for formatting paragraphs according to a single pattern and are used to place various lists in a document.

Numbered lists. In numbered lists, the elements of the list are sequentially designated using numbers (Arabic or Roman) and letters (Russian or Latin alphabets) (Fig. 3.11). When creating, deleting or moving elements of a numbered list, all numbering is automatically changed. The user can set his own numbering system, for example, start the list from any number, skip the number, etc.

The user can set a convenient number format (font size and style, number indent from the page margin, distance from the number to the text, etc.).

Multilevel lists. Multilevel lists can be used to display hierarchical lists (for example, a hierarchical file system). In multilevel lists, the list items are over high level lower-level lists (nested lists) are inserted. The type of the nested list can be the same as the type of the main list, but it can also be different from it.

As an example, consider a multilevel list in which at the first level there is a numbered list of three elements, the first element of which contains a bulleted list of two elements of the second level, and the second element contains a numbered list of two elements of the second level (Fig. 3.13).

Rice. 3.13. Multilevel list

Control questions

1. What is the difference between numbered and bulleted lists?
2. Can a multilevel list include both numbered and bulleted lists?

Format styles

For each paragraph, you can set your own paragraph, character, and list formatting options. With this approach, changing the formatting options for each paragraph must be done separately and manually.

However, when creating multipage documents, it is more convenient to use formatting styles. Each formatting style is given a name and any necessary font, paragraph, or list formatting options are set.

If you set the formatting style options, and then apply it to the selected fragment of the document, then all paragraphs of the selected fragment will automatically receive the formatting options specified by this style. If you need to change the paragraph formatting options, just change the style formatting options.

For example, this tutorial uses several different styles:

- Heading 1(used to set formatting options for chapter titles);
- Heading 2(used to set parameters for formatting paragraph titles);
- Heading 3(used to set options for formatting item names);
- Numbered list(used to set options for formatting the list control questions);
- Multilevel numbered list (used to set parameters for formatting the list of test tasks);
- Usual(used to set formatting options for textbook text paragraphs).

For example, if you don't like the look of the headings, you can change the heading style formatting settings and the headings will automatically take on a new look throughout the eBook.

Control questions

1. In what documents is it convenient to use styles and why?

In the process of creating a document, headings are created in it, for example, in this tutorial, each chapter, paragraph, and paragraph has a heading. For headers to be different appearance from each other, as well as from the body text, they use different formatting styles.

After creating a large document, it is advisable to insert a table of contents into the document, which will allow the reader to better navigate the content of the document. The table of contents is a list of headings contained in the document, with page numbers.

The table of contents of the document, which includes chapters, paragraphs and paragraphs, is a multi-level list in which headings are placed at the corresponding levels of the list. So, in the table of contents of the textbook, the titles of chapters are placed at the first level (style Heading 1), at the second level - paragraph titles (style Heading 2), at the third level - the names of the items (style Heading 3) (Table 3.6).

So, the name of this item "Document Table of Contents" refers to the style Heading 3 and is placed on the third level of the multi-level table of contents.

If you create a table of contents manually, then after each change to the document, you must redo the table of contents. In powerful text editors, the table of contents is generated automatically.

If necessary, you can raise or lower the level of headings, thereby rearranging the table of contents. The appearance of the table of contents can be customized by setting individual font and paragraph formatting options for each level of the table of contents.

Control questions

1. At what levels are the chapter headings in the textbook table of contents? Paragraph headings? Item headings?
2. How do formatting options differ for different levels of the textbook table of contents?

Everyone who works with text documents in the Word office editor knows that the readability and appearance of typed text often plays a paramount role in the perception of the material and the document as a whole. For this, the so-called formatting is used. Next, it will be shown how to format text in Word using a few simple rules. These tips will be useful to everyone, without exception, and the created document will look more presentable.

What does "Format text in Word" mean?

Let's start with the concept of text formatting. What it is? Roughly speaking, this is the design of the material in such a way that it is easily perceived visually when reading.

Agree, because not everyone perceives small or too large letters. The same applies to moments when, for example, some main points are not highlighted, and the reader can simply lose the main idea of ​​the content. All sorts of tricky fonts can also make text completely unreadable, not to mention the use of colors or fills (if absolutely not necessary) and the absence of paragraphs when the text turns out to be “crumpled”.

How to format the text in Word correctly and what to pay attention to first of all?

So, what kind of design tools are available in the editor itself? Speaking about how to format text in Word, among the fundamental principles of processing are the following:

• font design (type, size, case, spacing between letters and symbols, color, fill, etc.);
• text alignment on the page;
• setting paragraphs and indents;
• assigning document page parameters;
• text processing with creation additional elements design (headings, columns, footers, lists).

Working with fonts

Let's start with the simplest - setting the font options. How to format text in Word using this toolkit? Very simple. To do this, in the editor (if you do not take into account the sections of the main menus of the main panel), all necessary tools placed on the toolbar and located in special section with buttons and dropdown menus.

In principle, the question of how to format text in Word 2007, 2003, 2010, 2013 or 2016 is solved quite simply in all versions. To begin with, select the desired font from the drop-down list (for example, Times New Roman), then set the font size from the same list (it is better to use 12 or 14).

After that, by pressing the selection buttons, you can set its type (bold, italic, underlined, strikethrough). A little to the right there are buttons for changing the color of the font itself or its background fill. You should not get carried away with the use of such design, but use it only in extreme cases, when it is necessary to emphasize the importance of the content. The same applies to setting the previous parameters.

Text alignment

The next step is to set the text alignment options. By default, the editor is left-aligned. But this position of the text for reading is not always convenient.

There are four main buttons on the toolbar for setting the alignment:

• along the left edge;
• in the center;
• along the right edge;
• in width.

Alignment to the edges or to the center is usually used in the case of creating "caps" or setting a place, say, for a signature in a contract. The most convenient is when the first and last letters of each line are located at the same distance from the edge of the page, not counting paragraphs. How to format text to width in Word? Yes, just select the desired fragment and click the appropriate button. It can also be pressed in the event that text entry is only supposed to be carried out (empty line).

Setting padding

Now you need to select paragraphs or red lines. In the simplest case, when entering text from the red line, you can use the Tab key (Tab), for which the horizontal indent is usually set to 1.25 cm by default.

You can change it and additional parameters by moving the slider in the form of triangles and corners on the horizontal ruler (but only when the corresponding document display mode is active).

Pay attention to the view buttons located on the panel in its right part. For quick installation vertical spacing, you can use preset view settings (for example, no spacing, normal, titles, etc.).

In the case when you want to apply strictly defined parameters, in Word versions 2010 and higher, you must use the "Layout" menu and the paragraph spacing section. Here, all custom indents can be specified manually. Particular attention should be paid to the line spacing menu. Many users who once typed diplomas in the editor know that the requirements indicate a one and a half interval, which you can select from the drop-down list or set the value yourself.

Page settings

Another point in considering the question of how to format text in Word is related to setting the parameters of the page itself, access to which in latest versions The editor can be accessed through the design menu with a choice of margins, orientation or sheet size.

Typically, when creating documents, A4 is used with portrait (vertical) orientation. When choosing desired values these parameters can be changed to your liking. As for setting the fields, returning to the issue of design theses, you need to set the left margin to 3 cm, the right margin to 2 cm, the top and bottom margins to 1.5 cm. If there are no requirements, as such, you can leave the default values ​​\u200b\u200band change them, depending on your preferences.

In the design section, you can apply borders and watering to the page, change color, or apply special themes (unless the document was created or opened in compatibility mode with saving the file in the DOC format of older versions of the editor, and not in the DOCX format of the current version of the program).

Headings, lists, columns and footers

You can select headings quite simply using the buttons on the main panel, where you can select desired view from several built-in templates.

When creating lists, use special buttons set bullets, numbering, or Each has a pull-down menu where you can select a specific template or customize the list display options yourself.

Headers and footers in which the text you enter appears on each page can be set from the insert menu (top or bottom). Their parameters can also be changed. There are also tools for inserting page numbers, notes, links, etc. (if provided by the document structure).

Format Painter

Finally, let's assume that you have formatted a piece of text or a specific section that you want. The editor has an interesting possibility of using formatting according to the sample.

The button for its use is on the panel if the main menu is used. It is enough just to select the desired fragment of text, click on the button (it will turn into a brush with a pointer), then move the cursor to another fragment and press the left mouse button. After that, the format will be applied without changing the text content of the fragment.

Note: You can also use all sorts of templates, styles, and many other tools that are not discussed in detail here, since the emphasis was on manual formatting.

MS WORD TEXT PROCESSOR

Objective: Obtaining practical skills in using the MS Word word processor in the preparation, editing and design of text documentation, graphs, diagrams, drawings.

MS Word- powerful universal program preparation of text documents.

The basic steps in a text editor are:

· Editing - typing (input) of text. Operations with text: delete, insert, search, replace, copy and move.

Formatting - transformation of the appearance of the text and its location on the page: the font is selected, its size, style and color of characters, the location of the text on the page is set (alignment to the left, right, center, width), indents, line spacing, etc. d.

The formatting operation is preceded by the operation of selecting the required part (fragment) of the document.

Selection methods.

1. Text block - moving the mouse pointer from the beginning of the selected fragment to its end with the left mouse button pressed;

2. Word - double click the left mouse button on the word;

3. Paragraph - triple click on any place of the paragraph or double click in the left margin of the page opposite the paragraph;

4. sentence - click on any word of the sentence while holding down the Ctrl key;

5. Line - click in the left field of the page opposite the line;

6. Entire document - triple click in the left margin on any page.

Consider the basic concepts that are necessary when working with text editors.

A symbol is the smallest element that it operates on. text editor(letters, numbers, punctuation, etc.).

A word is a set of characters bounded on both sides by spaces (empty spaces) or punctuation marks (periods, commas, etc.).

A line is a set of words or characters arranged in one line (without hyphens).

A sentence is a set of characters and words, limited on both sides by punctuation marks (periods, exclamation marks or question marks, ellipsis).

Paragraph - a section of text between two presses of the Enter key (input, line feed).

A page is a piece of text bounded by page separation lines.

Margins are areas of the page where text cannot be placed.

Indents are the distances from the borders of the left and right margins to the text.

A red line is the first line of a paragraph that is indented to the right.

Text attribute - a parameter that can be changed (character size, font, color, indentation, etc.).

A style is a group of user-selected text attributes identified by a unique name and stored together.

Header - standard text displayed at the top (or bottom) of each page of the document.

A document is a set of symbols, words, sentences or pages that are logically interconnected and form a complete (complete) lexical (language, text) structure.

Text - a set of characters, words, sentences, which is part of the document.

A fragment is a continuous part of a document.

A block is a selected piece of text.

Formatting is the procedure for giving the text of a document the desired form.

A font is a set of letters (symbols) that reproduces an alphabet. In appearance, they are divided into 2 groups: with serifs and without serifs (chopped). Monospace - all characters have the same width; proportional - the width of each character is different.

Font type (typeface) - determine the features of writing a whole set of characters.

Font is one of four character styles.

The point size is the distance between the top and bottom callouts.

A point is a unit of measure for the height of a font.

Leading is the distance between the baselines of adjacent lines. It is measured in points and consists of the font size and line spacing.

Aprosh is an inter-letter space.

Tracking - adjusting the density of a set of characters, shifts and pushes all letters by the same amount.

Kerning is the manual adjustment of letter spacing.

Document formatting.

Can be done in two ways:

1. parameters are set, then text is entered;

2. text is entered, then parameters are set.

Format characters in the Font dialog box:

«Format» → «Font»;

· Context menu;

· Clicking on the arrow in the Font group of the Home tab;

The "Font" window has 3 inserts: font, spacing, animation.

When formatting characters, the following parameters are set:

1. setting the style - choosing the font;

2. sizing. Size (size) - indicate in points 1 pt \u003d 1/72 inch ≈ 0.035 mm. Sizes can be set from 8 to 72. 28 pt=1 cm, 72 pt=1"=2.54 cm.

3. Style setting: regular, italic, bold and bold italic; underlining methods;

4. Color assignment - any of the printer's capabilities;

5. Definition of effects (modification) - strikethrough, superscript, subscript, recessed, raised, outline, with shadow;

6. setting the horizontal distance between characters - normal, discharged, compacted;

7. setting the position of the symbol relative to the reference line (above or below the reference line without reducing the size as in paragraph 5).

General way of formatting:

1. select a fragment;

2. open the "Font" window and set the modes and parameter values;

Unformatting:

1. pressing Ctrl+Z keys;

2. click on the button installed.

Particular nuances of document formatting

To move all the text, not just the red line, move the bottom of the hourglass by the required amount. This is how the “To and from whom” column is formatted in letters. The same action can be performed by following the path described above and putting the numbers in the "Indent" column in the cells "left" or "right".

To make the text evenly fill the entire document, and not shift to its left margin, you can distribute it across the width of the page. To do this, select the necessary paragraphs and click on the "Fit to Width" button on the formatting panel. It looks like a square of horizontal stripes. There you can also center the text for the title or shift it to the right in the form of an epigraph.

The list function is useful when an enumeration is to be done. a large number items, as well as adding new ones to the middle of the list after its creation: the numbering will change automatically. A numbered or bulleted list can be set using the corresponding buttons on the format bar or through the "List" command in the "Format" menu.

In addition to the above functions, in a text editor, you can change the size and type of the font, bringing it closer to a business or, conversely, to a congratulatory one, highlight a part of the document with underlining, italics, bold or color font, summarize the data in a table, and perform other specialized actions (insert images, diagrams).

Under formatting The document is understood as its design using text alignment methods, using different fonts, embedding drawings and other objects in a text document.

Formatting a document is done using the menu Format or using the format bar. Basic formatting techniques include:

selecting and changing the font type;

font size control;

font style control;

leveling method control;

creating bulleted and numbered lists;

paragraph settings control.

The text of the document consists of paragraphs. A paragraph is a piece of text that ends with a keystroke. Enter . This inserts a special paragraph end character into the text. Removing this character merges the paragraphs, with the merged paragraph receiving all the formatting settings of the bottom attached paragraph. When typing, switch to newline performed automatically. To move to a new line within a paragraph, press the keys Shift+Enter .

Paragraph formatting options are set by the command Format / Paragraph which opens a dialog box Paragraph . Paragraph parameters are set on the tab Indents and spacing .

The paragraph has the following options.

Indents (borders) of a paragraph to the left and right of the edge of the printed sheet. Negative indent values ​​are allowed. In this case, the text is located in the margins.

Type of the first line of a paragraph: indent or indent.

Line spacing.

Interparagraph spacing - the amount of spacing before and after a paragraph.

Alignment - shifting the text of a paragraph relative to its width: left, right, centered, justified.

On the tab Position on the page sets the rules for breaking lines of a paragraph into pages.

Paragraph formatting can also be done using the formatting bar, which contains formatting buttons for aligning paragraphs in the center, right, left, and justified.

A set of paragraphs for which the same design specifics are preserved in terms of page size and orientation, margin size, page numbering, header and footer design, and the number of columns of text is called a section.

The new partition is created by the command Insert / Break / Start New Section . In this case, an end-of-section marker is inserted into the text. There are the following types of "end of section" breaks:

from the next page;

on the current page;

from an even page;

from an odd page.

The process of designing the appearance of a document as a whole or its fragments in any software environment is called formatting. The word "formatting" itself comes from the word "form", i.e. something needs to be shaped. The various formatting methods and tools that the Word word processor provides allow you to get professional-looking text.

Formatting documents is carried out as a result of the following actions:

setting document page parameters;

application of font design of text symbols;

setting the position of paragraphs on the page and setting indents and spacing for them (left and right, line and paragraph spacing);

choosing options for framing and filling paragraphs;

arrangement of text in columns;

setting the style of the symbol, paragraph , pages, etc.

Most of these actions can be done using the tools on the Format menu. Document formatting is based on setting new formats for text elements that must be previously selected.

Attention! Before you format the text, you need to select it!

Font selection of text (character formatting)

The text of the document is typed in the default font, which is configured in the dialog box.<Шрифт>called by the command Format, Font. Font format settings can be made for any piece of text. The set font options apply to newly entered text or to a selected text fragment.

Attention! For font selection of a text fragment, it must first be selected.

command dialog box Font contains three tabs ( rice. 2.13). On each tab in the window<0бразец>the result of the font setting is displayed.

tab Font with parameters:

font type. To enter Russian letters, fonts are usually used: Times New Roman, Arial, Courier, etc.;

inscription font: regular, italic, bold, bold italic;

the size font in points (pt) or other units;

underline selected fragment with lines of different types;

color font;

one or two crossed out lines symbols of the selected fragment;

displaying selected characters in a level top or lower indexes;

make selection hidden;

display the selected fragment in normal or small caps, with a shadow or along a contour (double stroke), raised or recessed.

tab Interval with parameters:

interval, which allows you to specify the distance in points (pt): normal, sparse, compacted. The distance can be changed next to the window;

bias sets the offset of the selected fragment in pt relative to the baseline up or down;

kerning serves for automatic selection spacing between characters.

tab Animation allows you to select the type of animation of the selected fragment from the list.

Button<По умолчанию>uses the font settings you have made in all new documents based on the current template.

A quick font format setting can be performed using the buttons ( rice. 2.14) toolbar Formatting: <Шрифт>, <Размер шрифта>, font style (bold - button<Ж>, italic - button<К>, underline - button<Ч>).

Rice. 2.13. Font dialog box for setting font options

Rice. 2.14. Buttons for quickly setting the font format on the panel Formatting

Formatting a paragraph of text

The body of the document consists of paragraphs paragraph ends with a keystroke . In this case, the special character ¶ is inserted into the text. Removing this character merges the paragraphs, with the merged paragraph receiving the formatting of the attached paragraph below. When typing text, a line break is performed automatically.

The format of paragraphs is set by the Format, Paragraph command, which brings up the Paragraph dialog box ( rice. 2.15) containing tabs Indents and spacing, Position on the page.

Rice. 2.15. Paragraph dialog box for paragraph formatting

On the tab Indents and spacing are given:

alignment - in width, in the center, on the left or right edges;

selection of the document structure level to which the settings made are attributed;

paragraph borders (indents) to the left and right of the edge of the printed sheet;

spacing - line and paragraph spacing (before and after);

appearance of the first line of the paragraph - indented to the right (red) or to the left (hanging).

tab Position on the page defines the rules for breaking lines of a paragraph into pages:

hanging line prohibition - it is forbidden to print one first or last line of a paragraph on another page (at least 2 lines are allowed);

do not break the paragraph, i.e. be placed entirely on one page;

do not tear off from the next paragraph - the current and next paragraphs are printed on one page;

from new page - start the selected paragraph from a new page, inserting a page separator;

disable paragraph line numbering;

Disable automatic word wrap.

Paragraph quick formatting can be done using the panel formatting, which contains the necessary paragraph alignment buttons ( rice. 2.16).

Rice. 2.16. Paragraph alignment buttons on the panel Formatting.

All other paragraph format settings are made in the Paragraph dialog box.

Framing and padding text

For greater expressiveness in the design of paragraphs and pages of text, various methods of framing, filling with a pattern, changing colors, etc. are used.

Team Format, Borders and Shading invokes the Borders and Shading docker ( fig 2.17). On the tab The border or Page selectable:

paragraph or page border type;

the color, type, and width of the border line of a paragraph or page;

parameters that determine the position of a paragraph on a page or page margins.

On the tab fill set the type and color of the pattern, the background color.

Rice. 2.17. Borders and Shading Dialog Box to Emphasize Paragraph Design

Changing the case for the image of letters

Case formatting provides the transformation of the selected text fragment using the command Format, Case and selecting the appropriate pushbutton switch:

As in sentences the first letter of the first word is represented as capital ;

all lower case - all letters of the selected text are lowercase;

ALL CAPITALS - all letters of the selected text are uppercase;

Start with Capital- the first letter of each highlighted word uppercase;

CHANGE REGISTER- replacement of uppercase letters in the selected text with lowercase letters, and lowercase letters with uppercase ones.

Lists for registration of enumerations in the text

Enumerations in text documents are often formatted as lists. There are three types of lists: marked, numbered, multilevel. On the rice. 2.18 examples of three types of lists are given. The list is formatted both before the elements are entered, and for the elements already typed in the form of separate paragraphs. For created lists, it is possible to change their type.

Rice. 2.18. List types illustration

There are several various ways list formatting:

using the command Format, List;

using the command List from the context menu;

quick formatting with buttons<Нумерация>and<Маркеры>on the panel Formatting.

Team Format, List displays a List dialog box for selecting the tab corresponding to the list type. The selected list type can be configured by clicking the button.<Изменить>and setting the necessary parameters in the "Change List" dialog box:

for bulleted list a symbol (marker) is selected from the set of Word fonts; set the size and color of the marker; the position of the marker and the position of the text (indents) are indicated;

for a numbered list, specify the number format from the Word font set; position of the list on the page (left or right, centered) and its indent; text indent from the number; start number of the list;

for multilevel list the number of the hierarchical level is indicated, and then for the selected level, the parameters are configured according to the same rules as for the numbered list.

Appropriate indents for list items can be changed using the command Format, List, and using the toolbar buttons Formatting - <Уменьшить отступ>, <Увеличить отступ>. In addition, using the mouse on the horizontal ruler for selected list items, you can move the indent indicators.

To change the level of the hierarchy, place the cursor on the element and press the keys:

<®>to lower the level of the hierarchy;

<¬>to increase the level of the hierarchy.

You can delete the list in the usual way or with the command Format, List button<Удалить>.

Formatting text in columns

For newspaper-type texts, several columns are typed, after filling the left column (according to the page height or up to the set limit), the cursor automatically moves to the next column.

Any insertion or deletion of text and graphics within columns will automatically "flow" the text from column to column. The text of the columns is formatted according to the general rules.

The newspaper text format is set using the command Format, Columns:

number of columns (one, two, three, etc. columns);

the width of each column (or the same width of all columns);

the presence of a dividing line between the columns.

If the document is new, after executing this command, the text is entered in the specified number of columns on the page.

Existing text can also be arranged in columns by first selecting either its fragment or the entire document.

Pagination

For page numbering use the command Insert, Page numbers, with which you can specify:

position - at the top or bottom of the page;

alignment - right, center, left, outside or inside the page;

first page number;

page number format.

Document styles

All Word documents are created with the command File, Create. An important component of the created document are styles. Styles allow you to quickly design texts that are diverse in appearance and character. The starter set of styles is selected from the template attached to the document. Style - a named set of text element formats.

There are standard and custom (special) styles. Standard styles are created word processor Word automatically. Custom styles are created by the user by modifying the standard characteristics or as a result of selection from the required ones. A user style can be available either only for a single document or for a template.

To reduce the complexity of document formatting, the following are used:

assigning standard styles to selected text fragments;

creating new styles;

redefining (changing) styles;

borrowing styles from other templates.

With the command Format, Style Library the corresponding dialog box containing a list of document templates is called. Design styles can be viewed in the viewport using the buttons:

<Документ>- the current document is displayed using the styles of the selected template,

<Пример>- an example document is displayed, formatted with the styles of the selected template;

<Образцы стилей>- Displays a list and samples of the style formats of the selected template.

If you double-click on the name of the selected template, then its styles will be automatically copied to the template of the current document and will be available for use.

Team Format, Style invokes the Style dialog box ( rice. 2.19), which displays a list of styles of a certain kind: All Styles, Used Styles, Special Styles(created by the user).

Rice. 2.19. Style dialog box for creating, modifying, deleting, copying document styles

When you select a particular style, the Paragraph window displays the appearance of the paragraphs, and the Symbols window displays the type and size of the font used for that style. button<Применить>apply the style to the selected text fragment.

For a faster style overlay on the selected text fragment, use the button<Стиль>on the panel formatting, after pressing which the list of styles set by default in the current document is offered.

Button<Удалить> (cm. rice. 2.19) removes the selected style from the list of available styles to apply.

Button<Создать> (cm. rice. 2.19) brings up the Create Style dialog box ( rice. 2.20) to define a new style, specifying the parameters:

Rice. 2.20. New Style dialog box for setting new style options

Rice. 2.21. Create Style dialog box for copying styles from one file to another

There is another way to create a new style. Previously, formatting is performed in the text of the document at the level of a paragraph or a group of characters. Then, for the selected fragment, the "Create Style" dialog box is called, where a new style name is entered.

Button<Изменить> (cm. rice. 2.19) allows you to change the individual formats of the selected style. The Edit Style dialog box appears, which is identical to the New Style dialog box, allowing you to override the style or revert to the previous appearance.

Button<0рганизатор> (cm. rice. 2.19) is used to copy styles from other documents or templates into the current document. You can copy the list either from left to right or from right to left. In this case, you should specify the source file and the style destination file. To specify a destination file in the Organizer dialog box ( rice. 2.21) you should press the button<Закрыть файл>, which will be replaced with a button<Открыть файл>. You must press this button, and the directories and files available on the disk will appear in the window. After selecting a file name, the window will show the styles installed in it. Next, you should go, for example, to the left window, select the styles of the source file and copy them using the button<Копировать>in the right window for the destination file.

Key Points to Remember When Formatting a Document

A Word document consists of sections (sections), each of which is divided into paragraphs.

Each section has its own page parameters (fields, location and type of headers and footers, number of columns).

Each paragraph is characterized by its location (top and bottom spacing, line spacing, font, first line type, list type, etc.).

Each paragraph is assigned a style, the parameters of which can be modified.

Each style can be based on another style. Most styles are usually based on the "Normal" style, changes to which will affect the entire document.

The parameters of a paragraph are associated with an end marker, the removal of which will remove the style of the paragraph.

Section parameters are associated with a separator (marker) of its end, the removal of which will remove the section styling.

To format a paragraph or group of characters in a certain way, chosen for a given document, you need to set a number of parameters. With a large number of parameters, it is extremely difficult to ensure consistent formatting of the same type of document fragments. It is all the more difficult to ensure consistent formatting of all documents of the same type, and this, as a rule, is a mandatory requirement when designing, say, business documents. If you do manage to ensure that all documents are in perfect condition, you may need to change the design of some of them, and then you have to start all over again.