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Automatic identification system. The concepts of an automated system (AS), an information system (IS) and an automated information system (AIS)

Currently, AIS is very popular. What it is and what is unique about it will be discussed in this article. It was created in the Republic of Bashkortostan to provide an integrated approach and automate numerous tasks.

Program functions

AIS will help solve many problems. What is it and what are its uses?

maintaining an electronic journal of progress;
control and accounting of attendance;
provision of automated food accounting;
calculation of parental payment;
keeping an electronic diary;
introduction of a non-cash form of payment for meals.

Indeed, AIS is multifunctional. What is meant by it and how it can help, education staff will be able to evaluate. The result of fruitful work on the project was the card product "Schoolchild's Card". It is an electronic identifier.

Program functionality:

Easy access to public transport.
Electronic pass to school.
Payment for meals in the school cafeteria or buffet using an electronic wallet.

Not everyone knows what AIS "Education" is. The system is practical in that it takes into account all the requirements for information security, which are defined by the Federal Law on Personal Data. It has been put into commercial operation since October of this year. At present, the program has not yet spread so much, and few people know what AIS "Education" is. Those who have connected to the product get the opportunity to receive advisory and methodological support and support.

Features of the "Electronic Journal"

The automated information system "Electronic Journal" is an absolutely free, practical and universal system. It is designed to maintain an electronic journal and diary.

The electronic journal was created taking into account the state requirements of the education and development program to automate the school process. The product helps to form a common communication space where participants in educational activities receive information on issues of interest.

Advantages of the "Electronic diary"

What was the main thing in the development of the AIS "Education" section "Electronic diary"? Specialists adhered to the opportunity to work in close contact with direct customers. The advantage of the product is ease of use. It has been recognized many times as a system that can be operated intuitively thanks to its simple interface. AIS "Electronic diary" can be mastered by a teacher of any age. It features high performance and affordable user support, reliable operation.

Free version

It offers a huge number of functions.

You can keep an electronic journal for complex educational complexes.
The work of preschool units is provided.
Educational institutions can completely switch to electronic performance records and forever forget about maintaining a paper journal.
The program provides the function of generating a printed version of a standard journal at the end of the academic year.
In the program, you can fill in data on additional education, home and family education.
Thanks to a flexible system of parameter settings, it is possible to keep an electronic journal, taking into account the many features of the educational process carried out in educational institutions of various types.
In the parameters, you can set up any grading system, classification of types of work, methods for calculating subtotals and certification rules.

Users very quickly understand how to work with the program and what AIS is. The product offers a huge number of functions that automate routine operations.

Compliance with the requirements

The program meets modern standards. It involves integration taking into account the services of the city or a specific region, meets the recommendations for keeping progress logs in electronic form and the requirements for the security of storing and processing personal data.

information products

Developers offer users a flexible choice of information system. It is able to ensure the full-fledged work of educational institutions and interaction with the parents of pupils.

Educational institutions can purchase an AIS product. What is and how to use the program on a free basis, you can find out after registration. It has all the necessary functions for a full-fledged work in high school.

For the work of the administration, the AWP "Zapuch" was developed. It will help facilitate the work in terms of planning and monitoring training activities. With its help, it will be easier to organize the certification process and solve other managerial tasks.

The module for preparing printed forms of certificates includes additional functions and services. They will help to more accurately solve specific problems in any educational institution.

AIS capabilities

To check an electronic or paper OSAGO policy, there is an AIS PCA database. It allows you to check the status of the form by its number. In addition, it is possible to determine the car insured according to a specific form, its license plate number, body number, VIN code, and find out why the insurance is not valid.

Checking the driver's KBM on the basis of the AIS RSA is popular. Using the bonus-malus coefficient, it is possible to determine the cost of an OSAGO policy. In 2013, it became impossible to enter a policy without requesting this coefficient on the basis of the automated system of the Russian Union of Motor Insurers.

Multifunctionality of the "Electronic diary"

A free electronic diary has been developed for parents of students. Thanks to the parental control system, it is possible to get acquainted with all the data on academic performance. Information can be presented in the form of an SMS message, an e-mail report about comments and new grades, school news, performance monitoring and statistical analysis of tests.

The school electronic journal is a modern step in the field of information technology. Its main advantage is ease of use, an indispensable aid in automating the educational process. The product is free to use. Before you start using the program, it is useful to learn the features about the system, products, study the sections about the school, for parents, partners.

Product Advantages

Depending on the composition of the package, you can connect the school to a specific modification of the program. AIS "Education" "Electronic diary" is a free electronic journal, which has everything you need to work. Modules are enabled after registration in the system.

AWP "Zavuch" is a unique system for solving problems. With its help, you can manage and monitor the educational process. It is intended for the administration of the educational institution. An additional function was created for the needs of a particular educational institution.

Electronic journal/diary functions

Here are just the main ones:

Give ratings.
Adjust various grading systems.
Customize symbols and signs for evaluation, double evaluations.
Maintain job types and a set of types.
Fix methodological associations.
Limit the date when the journal was edited.
Manually adjust the editing ability.

DATA MANAGEMENT

A fully automated information system or AIS is a combination of various software and hardware tools that are designed to automate any activity related to the transmission, storage and processing of various information. Automated information systems represent, on the one hand, a kind of information system or IS, and on the other hand, they are an automated system of AS, as a result of which they are often called AS or IS.

In automated information systems, the following are responsible for storing any information: At the physical level: external drives; built-in memory devices (RAM); disk arrays. At the program level: DBMS; OS file system; Storage systems for multimedia, documents, etc.

To date, a variety of software tools are widely used when working with a computer. Among them are automated information systems. An information system or IS is a system for processing, storing and transmitting any information that is presented in a certain form.

In modern computing, an IS is a whole software package that makes it possible to reliably store data in memory, perform information transformations and perform calculations using a convenient and easy-to-user interface.

Based on the foregoing, the use of modern information systems allows us to: Work with huge amounts of data; Store any data for a fairly long time period; Link several components that have their specific local goals, tasks and various methods of functioning into one system for working with information; Significantly reduce the cost of accessing and storing any data we need; Pretty fast to find all the information we need, etc.

As a classic example of a modern information system, it is worth mentioning banking systems, enterprise management systems, railway or air ticket reservation systems, etc.

To date, modern DBMS have very broad capabilities for data archiving and backup, parallel processing of various information, especially if a multiprocessor computer is used as a database server.

An automated information system or AIS is an information system that uses a computer at the stages of entering information, preparing it and issuing it, that is, it is a kind of development of information systems that are engaged in search using application software. Automated information systems can be safely attributed to the class of very complex systems and, as a rule, not so much with a large physical dimension, but due to the ambiguity of various structural relationships between the components of the system. An automated information system can be easily defined as a whole complex of modern automated information technologies that are designed for any kind of information service. Without the introduction of the most modern management methods, which are based on AIS, it is also impossible to increase the efficiency of enterprises.

Modern AIS allow: To increase the productivity of all personnel; Improve the quality of customer service; Reduce the intensity and labor intensity of the work of personnel, as well as minimize the number of errors in their actions.

Today, an automated information system is a set of technical (hardware), mathematical, telecommunication, algorithmic tools, methods for describing and searching for programming objects, collecting and storing information.

Wherein automated information systems(AIS) are the area of informatization, mechanism and technology, an effective means of processing, storing, searching and presenting information to the consumer. AIS is a set of functional subsystems for the collection, input, processing, storage, retrieval and dissemination of information. The processes of collecting and entering data are optional, since all the information necessary and sufficient for the functioning of the AIS may already be in its database.

Under database(DB) usually understand a named collection of data that displays the state of objects and their relationships in the subject area under consideration.

Database- this is a set of homogeneous data placed in tables; it is also a named collection of data that reflects the state of objects and their relationships in the subject area under consideration.
Manage information processes in the database using DBMS (database management systems).

A collection of databases is usually referred to as a data bank. In this case, the data bank is a logical and thematic set of databases.

Automated information system(Automated information system, AIS) is a set of software and hardware designed to store and (or) manage data and information, as well as to perform calculations.

The main purpose of the AIS is to store, ensure effective search and transmission of information on relevant requests in order to most fully satisfy the information needs of a large number of users. The main principles of automation of information processes include: payback, reliability, flexibility, security, friendliness, compliance with standards.

There are four types of AIS:

1) Covering one process (operation) in one organization;
2) Combining several processes in one organization;
3) Ensuring the functioning of one process on the scale of several interacting organizations;
4) Implementing the work of several processes or systems on the scale of several organizations.

At the same time, the most common and promising are: factual, documentary, intellectual (expert) and hypertext AIS.

To work with AIS, special user jobs (including workers) are created, called " automated workplace"(ARM).
AWS is a set of tools, various devices and furniture designed to solve various information problems.

General requirements for workstations: convenience and ease of communication with them, including setting up workstations for a specific user and ergonomic design; Efficiency of input, processing, reproduction and search of documents; the possibility of prompt exchange of information between the personnel of the organization, with various persons and organizations outside it; health safety of the user. Allocate workstations for the preparation of text and graphic documents; data processing, including in tabular form; creating and using a database, designing and programming; manager, secretary, specialist, technical and support staff and others. At the same time, various operating systems and application software tools are used in the workstation, depending mainly on functional tasks and types of work (administrative and organizational, managerial and technological, personal creative and technical).

AIS can be represented as a complex of automated information technologies that make up an IS designed for information services to consumers. The main components and technological processes of the AIS are shown in Fig. 3.1.

Rice. 3.1. Main components and technological processes of AIS.

AIS can be quite simple (elementary reference) and complex systems (expert, etc., providing predictive solutions). Even simple AIS have many-valued structural relationships between their modules, elements and other components. This circumstance makes it possible to attribute them to the class of complex systems consisting of interrelated parts (subsystems, elements) operating as part of an integral complex structure.

Systems of automation of professional activity. Their classification and use in management. Principles and methods for designing AIS in economics. The place of information and calculation tasks in the software of computers.

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information management automated

An automated information system (AIS) is a complex that includes computer and communication equipment, software, linguistic tools, information resources designed to collect, prepare, store, process and provide information, as well as system personnel that provide support for a dynamic information model of some parts of the real world to meet the information needs of users and for decision making.

AIS combines the following components:

Language tools and rules used for selecting, presenting and storing information, for displaying a picture of the real world in a data model, for presenting the necessary information to the user;

Information fund of the system;

Ways and methods of organizing information processing processes;

A set of software tools that implement information conversion algorithms;

The complex of technical means functioning in the system;

Personnel operating the system.

Any AIS operates in an external environment, which is a source of input and a consumer of output information for AIS. Within the AIS, starting from the entrance to the system and ending with the exit from it, the information flow goes through several stages of processing.

With the help of AIS, multivariate calculations are ensured, rational management decisions are made, including in real time, complex accounting and economic analysis are organized, reliability and efficiency of information received and used in management, etc. are achieved.

The main purpose of the AIS is to store, ensure effective search and transmission of information on relevant requests in order to most fully satisfy the information needs of a large number of users.

The main principles of automation of information processes include: payback, reliability, flexibility, security, friendliness, compliance with standards.

Payback means spending less money to get an efficient, reliable, productive system, the ability to quickly solve problems. At the same time, it is considered that the payback period of the system should be no more than 2-5 years.

Reliability is achieved by using reliable software and hardware, using modern technologies. Purchased funds must have certificates and (or) licenses.

Flexibility means easy adaptation of the system to changing requirements for it, to new functions being introduced. This is usually achieved by creating a modular system.

Security means ensuring the safety of information, regulation of work with the system, the use of special equipment and ciphers.

Friendliness lies in the fact that the system should be simple, easy to learn and use (menus, tips, error correction system, etc.).

AIS are diverse and can be classified according to a number of features related both to the system as a whole and to its individual elements. Each AIS is focused on a particular subject area. The subject area is understood as the area of problems, knowledge, human activity, which has a certain specificity and the range of objects appearing in it. At the same time, each automated system is focused on the performance of certain functions in its respective field of application. There are four types of AIS:

1. Covering one process (operation) in one organization.

2. Combining several processes in one organization.

3. Ensuring the functioning of one process on the scale of several interacting organizations.

4. Realizing the work of several processes or systems on the scale of several organizations.

When creating an AIS, it is advisable to unify the organized systems (subsystems) as much as possible for the convenience of their distribution, modification, operation, as well as training of personnel to work with the corresponding software. The development of AIS involves the selection of processes to be automated, their study, the identification of patterns and features (analysis), which helps to determine the goals and objectives of the system being created. Then the necessary information technologies are introduced (synthesis). For the successful implementation of design and organizational work, it is recommended to identify several prototypes of the designed object and the software and hardware installed on it. On their basis, develop several options. Then, alternative ones are selected from them, from which, finally, the best solution.

AIS usually uses automated workstations (AWP) based on personal computers, distributed databases, end-user-oriented software.

The main purpose of automated information systems is not just to collect and store electronic information resources, but also to provide users with access to them. One of the most important features of AIS is the organization of data search in their information arrays (databases). Therefore, AIS are practically automated information retrieval systems (AIPS) - a software product designed to implement the processes of input, processing, storage, search, presentation of data, etc. AIPS are factographic and documentary.

1) Factographic AIPS usually use tabular relational databases with a fixed data structure (records).

2) Documentary AIPS are characterized by uncertainty or variable structure of data (documents). AIS shells are usually used for their development.

Ways to provide automated information systems and their technologies are software, technical, linguistic, organizational and legal support used or created in the design of information systems and ensuring their operation.

1) The software represents the tool environment of programmers, application programs for the respective computers and operating systems installed on them. These are programming languages, operating systems, network software, editors (text, links, tabular, etc.), program libraries, translators, utilities, etc. Chief among them are AIS software systems - database management systems (DBMS). Their shells are automated information retrieval systems (AIPS) of wide application.

2) AIS hardware includes means of input, processing, storage, search and transmission / reception of information. Input, processing and storage of data are standard components of a computer. The search for information is based on the use of special software. The means of information transmission are network and telecommunication equipment of computers, systems and means of communication.

3) Linguistic support usually includes:

Types, formats, structure of information (data, records, documents);

Language means of description (NDL, data dictionaries) and data manipulation (DML);

Classifiers, codifiers, dictionaries, thesauri, etc.

4) The organizational support of the AIS includes the structural subdivisions of the organization using it, which manage the technological processes and support the system's operability, as well as documentation to ensure the operation and development of the system.

5) Legal support of AIS is a set of legal norms regulating legal relations during the creation and operation of AIS. At the stage of development of the AIS, it includes regulations related to contractual relations between the developer and the customer of the system, with the regulation of deviations in the system development process, with the provision of the development process with various resources. At the stage of system operation - determines its status in the management process, the legal provisions of the competence of individual AIS structures and the organization of their activities, the procedure for creating and using information in AIS, the legal security of AIS operation. Legal support includes normative documents regulating the activities of the AIS.

An exemplary AIS scheme is shown in Figure 1.

Figure 1 - A variant of the diagram of an automated information system

Universal shells do not allow users to develop the system on their own. Special programs of the DBMS class (ORACLE, MS SQL, ADABAS, Informix, etc.) are developed in such a way as to provide users with ample opportunities for their development. To provide the broad masses of users with open electronic information arrays, cooperation and integration of these resources is carried out.

Automated integrated information systems provide access to remote information and technical resources, as well as the ability for different categories of users to work with information of various forms. These include local, corporate and global networks.

AIPS, in terms of the tasks performed and the opportunities presented to users, can be both fairly simple (elementary reference) and very complex systems (expert and others providing predictive solutions).

So, the need to constantly increase the productivity and efficiency of workers, to produce more quality products, etc. first served as the basis for the creation of automated control systems for production processes, then automated control systems for enterprises.

Almost any automated system includes an automated information retrieval system. An automated information retrieval system is a set of software and hardware used to store, search and (or) manage data and information in order to meet the information needs of users. It is also designed to implement the processes of input, processing, and presentation of data.

The purpose of automation of information processes is to increase the productivity and efficiency of employees, improve the quality of information products and services, improve service and efficiency of user service. With its help, the time for completing tasks is reduced, technological processes are transformed and changed, new types of information services and products are provided. The main principles of automation of information processes include: payback, reliability, flexibility, security, friendliness, compliance with standards.

In order to provide access for the general public to open electronic information arrays, these resources are cooperated and integrated, which provides access to remote information and technical resources, as well as the ability for various categories of users to work with information that is heterogeneous in presentation forms. These include local, corporate and global networks.

Thus, the experience of developing and implementing various classes of automated systems has shown the high economic efficiency of their application. It is reflected in a good organization of labor and production, an increase in the accuracy of planning and implementation of tasks, in ensuring the rhythm of the work of an enterprise, reducing the share of manual labor, etc.

abstract

BY THEME: Automated information system. The principle of operation on the example of a specific system.

Fulfilled student group EU-091-1

Buymov S.V.

checked Art. teacher Schmidt T.S.

Novokuznetsk 2012

Introduction. 3

1. Automated information system. 4

2. The principle of operation of an automated information system on the example of 1C: Enterprise. eighteen

Conclusion. 26

List of used sources. 27

Introduction

The rapid development of computer technology has led to the fact that information systems based on the use of information and computer technology and communications, which are the main technical means of storing, processing and transmitting information, have become increasingly widespread. Such information systems are called automated. They are based on the use of special means and methods of information transformation, i.e. automated information technologies.

An automated information system (AIS) is a collection of information, economic and mathematical methods and models, technical, software, technological tools and a staff of specialists designed to process information and make management decisions. The creation of AIS helps to increase the efficiency of production of an economic object and ensures the quality of management. The greatest efficiency of AIS is achieved by optimizing the work plans of enterprises, firms and industries, quickly developing operational decisions, clearly maneuvering material and financial resources, etc. Therefore, the management process in the conditions of functioning of automated information systems is based on economic and organizational models that more or less adequately reflect the characteristic structural and dynamic properties of the object.

Of course, there cannot be a complete repetition of the object in the model, however, details that are insignificant for analysis and management decision-making can be neglected. Models have their own classification, subdivided into probabilistic and deterministic, functional and structural. These features of the model give rise to a variety of types of information systems.

Automated information system

Automated information systems are a set of various tools designed to collect, prepare, store, process and provide information that meets the information needs of users. AIS combines the following components:

1) language tools and rules used for selecting, presenting and storing information, for displaying a picture of the real world in a data model, for presenting the necessary information to the user;

2) information fund of the system;

3) ways and methods of organizing information processing processes;

4) a set of software tools that implement information conversion algorithms;

5) a complex of technical means functioning in the system;

6) personnel serving the system.

The main goals of automating the activities of the enterprise are:

1. Collection, processing, storage and presentation of data on the activities of the organization and the external environment in a form convenient for financial and any other analysis and use in making managerial decisions.

2. Automation of business operations (technological operations) that make up the target activity of the enterprise.

3. Automation of processes that ensure the implementation of the main activity.