Windows

Wired interface connected. Do-it-yourself local network: Choosing a router (router) and its main characteristics

To understand what the article is about, you need to understand the meaning of the word "Interface". This word means the possibilities, ways and methods of interaction between two systems. The interface of the router is its connection, communication with something.

In our case, there are two interfaces:

One system is a person (user), the second system is the router itself. That is, the user needs to go into the router settings and make some changes there in order to make it work according to their requirements. This is the settings interface.
One system is a computer network, the second system is again the router itself. That is, it must communicate with a computer network (in fact, for which it was created), for this, the router must be connected to the network either by wire (LAN, WAN ports, etc.) or via Wi-Fi. This is the connection interface.

Let's take a closer look at both interfaces, and start with the settings.

Router settings interface

As we already understood, in order to configure the router, we must enter into a dialogue with it. That is, we give him a command, he hears us, understands, and executes. The interface, that is, the intermediary between the user and the router, will be the most common web browser (IE, Firefox, Opera, etc.). It happens in the following way.

We connect the router to the computer with a patch cord network cable, or via Wi-Fi, and launch the web browser. Any router has a network IP address - enter it in the address bar of the browser. For example - 192.168.1.1.

Entering the router settings

It is not difficult to find out the address of your particular router - either turn it over and read the IP on the label under the bottom, or in the instructions for setting up the router.

The IP address of the router is on the label under the bottom

We press "Enter", and the router will immediately ask - and with whom do I have the honor to communicate? That is, authorization is required. The username and password are also indicated under the bottom of the router and in the manual. Enter them in the appropriate fields and enter the settings menu.

Router settings

After entering the settings, communication with the router begins directly, its configuration. For convenience for a person (but not for a computer or a router), the settings are made in a convenient menu, with items and sub-items.

Router settings window

All this "clearness" and "logicality" of the menu is needed only by a person, and it really works - setting up a router is very easy and fast even for a user with little experience. It speaks of a friendly interface.

For example, we need to set up Wi-Fi.

Setting up a Wi-Fi router

Of course, we go to the menu item "Wireless", which means a wireless network.

Setting up a Wi-Fi router

In the window that opens, we configure exactly the Wi-Fi network, nothing else. There is a communication between the user and the router, mutual understanding, interface.

network interface

Consider the second case of an interface, already a physical one (previously it was a dialog one). Although at first glance there is nothing in common between them, but there is a common thing - this is the interface. Only in this case it is already a network one - the router is physically connected to a computer network with wires with special connectors (ports), or a wireless connection, which in this case is not important.

Router network interfaces on the rear panel

These ports are where the physical connection of computer network wires is made. There are at least two types of them - “looking” into the outside world, that is, connecting to another network or provider (WAN port), and “looking” into their own internal network (LAN ports). The Linux operating system even assigned names to these ports - the WAN port is "eth0" and the LAN port is "eth1".

Wired interface

A wired connection requires a network cable. There are several varieties of them - twisted pair, coaxial cable and optical fiber.

Types of network cables

Each type has its own connector for connection, that is, a coaxial cable cannot be connected to the twisted pair port.

The most commonly used type is twisted pair - the golden mean between price and data transfer rate. The cable is connected to the corresponding port of the router (network interface of the router), and the other end to the network card of the computer (network interface PC).

Connecting to a computer

For different types of conductor, this connection procedure does not differ, they are of the same type.

Configuring WAN and LAN interfaces

After connecting the wires, let's move on to setting up the router. We familiarized ourselves with the procedure for entering the settings through the web interface at the beginning of the article. After going into the settings, go to the "Network" tab.

Wired network setup

By selecting a menu item, a submenu will open containing the LAN and WAN port settings separately. We go to the appropriate subparagraphs and configure the way we need. Specific settings are not covered in this article.

After entering the changes, be sure to click "Save" so that the changes are saved and activated.

Wireless interface

Wires are now becoming a thing of the past, and more and more is being devoted to the development of wireless interfaces. These include Bluetooth, infrared transmission and, of course, Wi-Fi. Wi-Fi is the future.

Through Wi-Fi, computers and routers are connected over the air using radio waves with a frequency of 2.4 GHz and 5 GHz (in development and 6 GHz). Communication requires radio modules and antennas.

Wi-Fi router

By turning on the router, it creates a wireless network that the computer needs to detect and connect to. The wireless network has a name, and, according to the rules of good manners, a password to connect to it.

All found networks are displayed on the computer desktop in the lower right corner.

List of detected Wi-Fi networks

By double-clicking on the name of the network, we will connect to it. But first you need to configure it in the router settings. How to enter the Wi-Fi settings was described in the first part of the article.

Finally, a video lesson on how to set a password on the interface of TP-Link routers:

Part I. Mice

Despite the fact that most of our readers are well versed in computer technology, it seems that there is a need for such a general educational series of articles. The fact is that, in the field of high-tech, as in no other, the speed of introduction of new technologies is extremely high. So high that today's developments often peacefully coexist with yesterday's and even the day before yesterday. As a result, there are a lot of options for peripheral devices with a wide variety of interfaces on the market at the same time. How do they differ from each other, what follows from this, what pitfalls can the user expect - even specialists can get confused, not to mention those who just bought a computer not so long ago, and now want to change something in it (or on the contrary - to change the computer itself, leaving alone the peripheral devices already purchased). Reviews of specific hardware are not the best place to discuss the differences, so we usually just write that a device has a particular interface, without going into details. Well, now we'll just deal with them. And let's start with mice, since this equipment changes not so rarely, and the mess in this market segment is the most.

From the very beginning, one general remark - you should clearly separate the connection interface and the data transfer interface. In the case of wired devices, this nuance can be neglected - a mouse, keyboard, or other equipment is rigidly tied to the corresponding port with a cable. For wireless peripherals, the connection interfaces remain the same - PS / 2, COM, LPT, USB, and so on, but only the receiver is connected to the port, and the mouse itself exchanges data with it using a radio channel or infrared rays. Closely related to this myth one:

Wireless devices are significantly different from wired devices.

Actually, it is not. Regardless of the specific data transfer interface, a mouse connected to the PS/2 port (directly or through the receiver) is a "PS/2 Mouse" for the computer. The computer does not make any difference between them at all in the case of using "simple" receivers. The situation is different in the case of Bluetooth, but precisely because in this case it is not a passive receiver that is used, but a Bluetooth adapter and the peripheral device itself uses Bluetooth precisely as a connection interface (i.e. the scheme here is completely different than in case of simple wireless devices). In all other cases, everything is simple, despite the fact that I have already heard once that "wireless mice do not work in DOS." All wrong! If your operating system supports a serial, PS/2, or USB mouse at all, then it will work just as well with a wireless model whose receiver plugs into the appropriate port. And the characteristics of a wireless mouse will be the same as in the case of a wired mouse (of course, those for which the data interface will not become a limiting factor). The same applies to keyboards, joysticks, steering wheels, printers and other external equipment.

Well, now that we have dealt with the rudiments of general mythology, let's go directly to mice. We will consider interfaces in chronological order.

Parallel (bus) mice

It just so happened historically that the IBM PC was originally aimed at business applications, not entertainment (it's hard to believe now :)). As a result, the main interface was text, and mice were simply not needed: there are only two (or even one) thousand “dots” on the screen, each of which can be easily and accurately reached using the keyboard. However, the computer quickly acquired graphical functions, and here the keyboard began to give in: even at the now ridiculously looking resolution of 320 x 200 pixels, the screen already contains 64 thousand addressable positions, so if you need to be able to easily get into any of them, keyboard keys are not enough. Yes, and software manufacturers have realized that graphics are useful not only in games or graphic editors: if you attach a graphical interface to a regular program, it will not work faster, but for mastering an unprepared user, it will do better than a text one. Well, for working in graphic environments, even now a mouse is best suited, specially designed for this purpose, and in those days there was no choice at all: either a mouse or a light pen, which has much less accuracy than even the first mice.

But bad luck - the PC does not have a special mouse port! No one initially thought that it would be needed, since at first the most popular was MDA, which did not support graphics in principle. An interface for a light pen was provided, but there were too few people who wanted to use it (and no wonder: hold your hand in front of the screen all day - it will simply fall off by evening), but not for a mouse. At the same time, in all computers that were originally oriented towards graphical environments, the ability to connect a mouse was present from the very beginning. Well, the architecture of the IBM PC is open, bus, the bus is standard (later known as ISA), we will expand the possibilities. Some manufacturers (in particular, Microsoft) have mastered the release of mouse adapters that are sold with mice and installed in a regular eight-bit slot on the motherboard. It would seem that the problem is solved.

However, tire mice did not last long enough, and were quickly replaced by other options. As far as I know, these rodents did not have time to reach our lands in any noticeable quantities, and in the bourgeoisie in the second half of the 80s they disappeared as a species. There were two major reasons for this. Firstly, the price: any mouse that uses a standard interface for a computer is cheaper than a set of a mouse and a special adapter - an axiom. Secondly, expansion slots have always been a rather scarce resource. True, there were already eight of them on the board of the original AT, well, in those days there were much more devices that wanted to take them, since there were practically no integrated components. So tire mice died out as soon as an alternative appeared.

Sequential mice

Back in those shaggy years, someone (who is the first - now it is almost impossible to find out) came up with a great idea. Almost every computer is equipped with at least one serial port, on which you can hang almost any equipment. Why can't it be a mouse? No sooner said than done. And serial mice flooded the market, requiring no additional controllers for their work: a free COM port is all they need. The solution turned out to be, firstly, cheap, and secondly, very versatile, since it was suitable even for computers that did not have expansion ports at all (portable ones, for example). It is not surprising that soon these models became the de facto standard.

Since the active invasion of rodents on the market began after the advent of AT, most models used the compact (at that time - today it is the largest suitable for mice) nine-pin serial port connector, which was the standard for these computers. Models with a 25-pin connector were also encountered, despite the fact that it is too big, and both connectors are almost completely compatible, and mechanical incompatibility was easily solved using a passive adapter. The latter, apparently, led to the fact that already in the early 90s, mice with a “large” connector practically disappeared. Serial mice are extremely unpretentious - in particular, the port is easy to "hot-plug", have a low cost, and for a long time their characteristics were more than enough for all users. It is not surprising that many of us started working on computers equipped with just such mice, and with their help mastered the first versions of window systems for the PC. Moreover, such mice can still be found, although many companies no longer produce them, and the rest have significantly reduced their share (for example, Genius has no more than 10% of the total mass, and Microsoft and Logitech do not make serial mice at all). In 2000, it was still easy to buy such a mouse, but now it’s not enough just to go to the market: serial mice from Genius, A4 Tech and some other companies are sold out quite quickly, since relatively old computers are still working in many places, quite coping with their tasks, but unable to work with new mice. Yes, and long-released mice with a serial interface can be found, which is largely due to the fact that in those years not only the trees were large - and the equipment was more reliable. I still have a completely working serial mouse MS Mouse 2.0 in my closet, manufactured and bought back in 1995, and at any time you can connect it to your computer and use it! However, this device cost then $35 despite its extreme primitiveness (today you can buy a good wireless optical mouse for this money), and cheaper models died fairly quickly.

So, for years to come, serial mice became the de facto standard. In fact, they began to lose ground even a little earlier than they became morally obsolete - only because specialized mouse ports appeared in computers, and the corresponding mice began to cost almost cheaper with a wider choice. Well, by this point, some shortcomings of serial mice had already become noticeable, which we will discuss below, which only accelerated the process.

PS/2 compatible mice

Back in 1987, when launching the PS / 2 line, IBM took into account all past mistakes. Unfortunately, she made new ones, so this architecture, revolutionary at that time, ingloriously vegetated for several years, until it finally died. But its proud name still lives on - this is the name of the mini-DIN ports for keyboards and mice, which were launched by this particular line. Yes - a special mouse port appeared in these computers, and even mouse support in the BIOS (both in normal and in ABIOS). No wonder: these computers were already initially focused on running a graphical operating system (according to IBM and Microsoft, it should have become OS / 2), so the mouse began to turn from an optional device into a standard one.

It should be noted that the new ports had advantages over serial ones (in particular, a lower supply voltage - 5 V instead of 12 V, and independence from other devices, while serial mice often interfered with internal modems, since four COM ports The PCs shared only two IRQs), and the disadvantages. The most significant is the "dislike" to connect and disconnect the mouse while the computer is running. Many people neglect this requirement, but only until the first burned port :) The probability of its burnout is far from 100%, but it exists, so it's better not to risk it (at least it seems to me). But they were, and they were used by one of the largest computer manufacturers. It is not surprising that mice with the appropriate connector appeared, and brand-name equipment manufacturers also adopted this standard, and began to equip their computers with PS / 2-style ports and a mouse controller. But the manufacturers of motherboards from Southeast Asia, which had already grown stronger by that time, were not particularly willing to increase the price of their products, so self-assembly and second-tier equipment, which always had more than brands, continued to make do with successive mice. However, somewhere in the mid-90s, the most respected companies from Taiwan began to install mouse ports on boards, but ... I had a port on ASUS PVI-486SP3, but in order to bring it outside, an optional bracket was required. Three dollars, of course, is not money, but why? To buy a PS / 2 instead of a serial mouse for the same money? If both serial ports were occupied, I would have done this, but most (including me) had at most one modem, and some did not even have one. So they lived - PS / 2 mice captured about a third or a quarter of the market, sequential mice - everything else.

The stable balance was broken around 1997. When developing the ATX standard, Intel, of course, took into account the necessity of a mouse, so a PS / 2 port has become an indispensable accessory for every computer that claims to be modern. Well, if everyone has a port, then why not use it? AT format motherboards, however, slowly disappeared from the market, but in their case, the “miscarriage” with the port became an indispensable component. Thus, PS/2 mice quickly became the standard.

USB mice

However, having given the green light to PS/2, Intel quickly tried to turn the process onto new tracks. In the PC98 specifications, it was recommended to connect a mouse to the USB port, in PC99 it was strongly recommended to do this, although it was not forbidden to use PS / 2, but COM ports were already advised to be removed. In PC2002, an unambiguous command was generally given - only USB for peripherals. However, it was not possible to quickly replace PS / 2 - ports are still on most motherboards now, so why occupy a USB port that can be used for other purposes? Moreover, at first USB models were noticeably more expensive (and there is still some difference in their cost, although it is already small enough to be invisible to the end customer).

So the market penetration of USB mice has been rather slow. However, compatibility between USB and PS / 2 is very easy, since both buses are designed for 5 V, so, slowly but surely, USB mice began to gain a place in the sun: it turned out that it was not necessary to release models designed only for one interface - for almost the same money you can provide support for both. Boxed mice were the first to give up, especially those models that were not planned to be released in the OEM version: they are not cheap in any case, so two or three tens of cents per adapter against the background of two or three (or even five or six) tens dollars will not do the weather. For OEM, some companies have chosen USB as the main standard, and the adapter (those who need it) can purchase it themselves. However, since most mice are now made on the basis of the same controllers, with some complication of the design to support USB, a considerable number of “middle class” mice continue to be produced in the PS / 2 version (many manufacturers have the majority), but models focused on the budget segment have not yet begun to switch to USB at all. As special USB-only mouse controllers spread, this interface will gain new positions, but over time, the PS / 2 port can be removed painlessly and no one will notice anything.

By the way, about old equipment and, accordingly, about old programs. Long time exists myth two:

USB mice do not work in DOS, Windows 95 and NT4.

Generally speaking, at first this myth had a real basis - they really didn’t work. However, about three years ago, BIOS manufacturers took care of the problem, so that support for USB mice in outdated operating systems appeared by the BIOS (keyboards learned how to do this a little later). So even though the box of mice says that USB requires a minimum of Windows 98 or 2000, you can still use an older system. True, you will lose the scroll wheel, since it is not supported by the built-in tools, and native drivers cannot be installed (because of which, by the way, some mice cannot be used at all - without additional software, many models do not work at all; even as two-button ones). However, old versions of Windows are only interesting for academic purposes, but DOS is sometimes needed - download from a floppy disk and play an old game, for example :) You don’t need to hastily look for an adapter if you use modern motherboards - a USB mouse will work as expected.

Bluetooth mice

They appeared quite recently, both by historical and computer standards. But with them already connected myth three:

Mice with Bluetooth interface are analogues of conventional wireless models with a radio or infrared interface.

In fact, this is nothing more than a myth - Bluetooth is not a data exchange interface, but a connection interface. It's misleading that now such models are usually bundled with Bluetooth adapters, in the same way that conventional wireless models are bundled with receivers. In addition, for example, the Logitech MX900 at first glance is no different from the MX700: the same external mouse, the same base, only Bluetooth is used, which, in fact, is the same radio connection (the frequency is different, but many models work at 2.4 GHz). radio mice). However, the adapter is not at all an ordinary wired-to-wireless converter. This is really an adapter that gives the computer the ability to work with Bluetooth devices. And one of them (if there is an appropriate profile) can be a mouse. Theoretically, these models can also work with adapters other than those included in the package, and by themselves they “do not know” what kind of adapter is used there: built-in, on the PCI bus, or the most common USB. And even in the latter case, you should not draw parallels with wireless mice, the receivers of which are connected to the USB port - this completely different devices.. Bluetooth mice are a separate class of equipment. While exotic, so they still deal with and deal with. But, most importantly, the main material of this article does not apply to them. There are problems with their functioning under DOS, since an OS is required for which there are drivers for the Bluetooth adapter. Well, our further narration will not touch on them - we will talk about the features of the more familiar mice with serial, PS / 2 and USB interfaces (as I said at the beginning, everything will be equally true for both wired and wireless models).

Polling frequency

In general, mice do not have many objective parameters that are expressed in numerical form, and the polling rate is just one of them. The higher this value, the better. Maximum polling rate port depends on its type, the operating system used and some utilities that can improve it. For starters, the actual information in one table.

The question marks in the case of a serial interface indicate that I don’t have accurate information, since I don’t know the users of XP and the serial mouse, I don’t want to measure it myself, because no one seems to need it, and it’s still impossible to find out the maximum possible value, since manually in his case, the polling frequency cannot be adjusted. In the case of USB, manual adjustment when using Windows is also impossible (at least, the methods for doing it are still unknown), but the polling rate is always quite good. And the most interesting situation in the case of the PS / 2 port is disgusting results under 9x, gradually improving as the OS improves, but not reaching USB, and as much as 200 Hz maximum (one and a half times higher than USB!) with manual adjustment. The latter is carried out quite simply: by regular means in XP (since there were many questions about this, I say where: select the mouse in the list of devices, and then advanced properties), through the registry in 2000 or using special programs (such as PS2 Rate Adjuster) under 9x (I don’t know how it is in NT4, but they don’t use this system for games, so it’s not very important). And why do we need a high polling rate at all? To quote a paragraph from an old article:

Let's say we're playing Quake II on an 800x600 screen. Consider that we see 120 degrees, then the full circle will be 2400 pixels. If we need to rotate 180 degrees in one second, then the rotation will be 1200 pixels. In this case, a PS / 2 mouse will give 40 readings by default. Then it turns out - 30 pixels per sample, i.e. by turning around, we can shoot with an accuracy of 30 pixels. If we play deadmatch and our opponent is far away, then this is simply not enough!

The article was published on our site over four years ago, but since then the situation has become even worse as the permissions used have grown. 1600x1200 is still exotic, but 1280 for something is common, so we will assume that there are already 1800 points in a turn. Then at the same 40 Hz (PS / 2 or COM under 9x) we will get an accuracy of 45 pixels. It doesn’t turn out to be accurate to call the tongue - in fact, you will hit the white light like a pretty penny, and the enemy will die only if he himself tries all the time to get under your shots. A Windows 2000 user will already get 30 pixels - not enough, as mentioned above. Under XP, the result is better - 18 pixels. A USB mouse will always provide about 15-16 pixels, and an overclocked PS / 2 mouse will always provide as many as 9 pixels. In the latter case, it is unlikely that anyone will leave alive from your tenacious paws.

But here you can get a little confused. Since PS / 2 provides the highest frequency, then why do we need USB? Here it is for you myth four:

For gaming, you definitely need a mouse with a PS / 2 interface - it will guarantee you to achieve the highest result.

The fact is that we considered the port polling frequency above. However, the mouse itself may not be able to output data at that speed. And it turns out that a “bad” PS / 2 mouse will really only give you somewhere around 80 Hz (old wireless models generally did not pull more than 50 Hz), while a “good” USB will honestly work out its 125 Hz. If the mouse has a polling rate of only 100 Hz, then it doesn’t matter which port you connect it to, and you don’t even need to overclock PS / 2 under XP. While the best (from a gamer's point of view) PS/2 mice do hold the 200Hz or so they're supposed to, and allow for maximum precision in-game, don't make this a rule. In the real world, it's all about the mouse, although PS/2 has more potential, which is always something to keep in mind.

At least this is true for Windows. Linux users can significantly “overclock” the USB port as well. Here is what one of our readers wrote:

If you use a USB mouse, you can get up to 1000Hz in linux using special kernel patches. Patches can be taken here: I tried to put a patch on the 2.4.22 kernel, M $ IE explorer 3.0a and Logitech M-BA47 gave out 500Hz. There, in the source codes, one line must be changed and it will be 1000Hz.

I don't use Linux myself, so I can't check. But I think this information will be useful to many.

Interface Compatibility

Since it just so happened that for a long time at least two interfaces were widespread on the market (in fact, even three, but at first USB was rare, and now it’s COM), the question is: “What can I plug into what?” sometimes gets up. And how many disputes about it in different conferences :) Let's try something to give an exact answer to it - should someone, in the end, do it, and if not us, then who? :)

We will move in chronological order. A serial mouse connects only to the serial port. The most common in 9-pin directly or in 25-pin through a passive adapter, rare models with a "large connector" - on the contrary. All. Nowhere else in most cases. Not even in USB, despite the existence of USB-COM adapters. The fact is that, as I said, a serial mouse needs 12 V power, and the USB port and the mentioned adapter, respectively, give out only 5 V. Modems or other devices with external power supply do not experience any problems from this, but mice most likely they won’t work (which many faced immediately after the appearance of these adapters. However, there are also reverse examples - some mice (mostly newly released) with some adapters work, but this is the exception rather than the rule.

PS / 2 mice, of course, are easily connected to the corresponding port. To connect them to USB, there are special active adapters - useful given that most modern laptops and some desktop computers no longer have PS / 2 ports. There are no problems with power in this case (both 5 V there and there), however, keep in mind that this adapter will turn your mouse and keyboard (if you connect it too) into standard USB devices with all the consequences - in particular, if devices are supplied with special software, it will not work when using an adapter. It is generally impossible to connect a PS / 2 mouse to a serial port, however, models supporting both standards were quite popular at one time. By default, they had a PS / 2 connector and an adapter included in the kit, with which they were stuck into a 9-pin COM port. However, not all mice are able to behave this way, and they have not been produced for a long time. So do not rely on the fact that a freshly bought PS / 2 mouse can be easily connected to a serial port using an adapter purchased on the market - it only fits initially two-standard mice.

As for USB mice, they can be easily and naturally connected both to their own connector and, with the help of a passive adapter, to PS / 2. And so far, the vast majority - even those for which this is not declared and there is no adapter in the kit :) The point is the identity of the controllers, which I already wrote about above, which is why a penny adapter is enough to turn a USB mouse into a PS / 2, according to at least for now. On the other hand, there are already a number of USB mice based on the new element base, but they cannot be plugged into the PS / 2 connector. Whether something will turn out or not, it is difficult to say in advance. However, if you know for sure that this mouse is found in the box with an adapter in the kit, or this model has a twin with a PS / 2 connector (most often called the same), then you can be 99% sure that that the focus will succeed.

Closely related to adapters myth five:

A USB mouse through a USB-PS / 2 adapter is not a PS / 2 mouse at all, but something in between.

Actually, it's nonsense: no matter how you got the PS / 2 connector: it was originally on a cable or obtained using an adapter from USB - the result will be exactly the same. The only thing is that this design will hold on a little worse, so you shouldn’t pull hard on the cable: you should forget about hot plugging. And other properties are similar to PS/2, not inherited from USB. In particular, incorrect myth six:

There is no point in overclocking the PS / 2 port when connecting a USB mouse to it through an adapter, since the real polling frequency will still not rise above 125 Hz.

You can not even comment - it's just a myth. Those who have tested know that many models accelerate to almost 200 Hz, despite the fact that they seem to be "nee" (via the connector) USB.

The last unresolved question is whether it is possible to connect a USB mouse to a serial port (which, by the way, as it turns out, some people are trying to do). If you have carefully read the last two parts, then you yourself will be able to explain to someone why this is impossible.

Well, now a small plate to secure the material. Columns are mice, rows are corresponding ports.

Total

Well, we studied the history of mice and mouse interfaces, debunked six myths that can ruin life, and discussed some aspects of using mice. I hope that the information provided is useful to you. And in the next part we will deal with keyboards.

Rostelecom's digital television is a marginal and fastest growing line of services from a national operator. View control, high-quality video content, a growing line of channels - this is what subscribers want to pay for. But for spills, freezes and other kinds of errors - not at all. This article contains all the known problems with digital TV and guides to action.

IF YOU DID NOT FIND YOUR PROBLEM IN THE QUICK SEARCH, DESCRIPTION IT IN THE COMMENTS AT THE BOTTOM OF THE ARTICLE.

Quick search by issue:

"View Control" service not working

.

SOLUTION #1. Is this feature available on this channel?

View control is not available on all IP-TV channels! Make sure that the channel you are interested in has the ability to use it. To do this, go to the desired channel and click the button "Up" on the remote. If you have an item available "Watch from the beginning" or "Record", then this channel supports "View Control", For example, the channel "Scary HD"

SOLUTION #2. Check if you have connected this service.

To do this, click on the button "Menu" and find the item "Service Management".

Looking for a menu "Extra. Services"

On the label, next to the item "View control" should be written "Connected"

SOLUTION #3. Contact technical support.

By number 8 800 100 08 00 inform the operator about the absence or problems with the "View Control" function. Inform that it is connected in the "Service Management", and that you rebooted the set-top box (receiver) (it is advisable to name the MAC address of the device, which is written on the sticker located on the "bottom" of the set-top box)

Black screen only on certain channels with thematic packages (sports, movies, music, etc.)

You need to reboot the power supply. Perhaps these were temporary difficulties.

The company's specialists can check the correct operation of the connected channel packages. By calling 8 800 100 08 00, inform the operator about the lack of broadcasting or problems with the display of certain channels. Inform that you rebooted the set-top box (receiver) and list the channels that do not show for you)

Show only the first 10 channels

SOLUTION #1. Contact technical support.

Company specialists should check the presence of connected packages. By calling 8 800 100 08 00, inform the operator about the lack of broadcasting or problems with the display of certain channels. Let us know that you rebooted the set-top box (receiver).

Error 13: Your balance does not match the service parameters (when ordering a movie on IP-TV, Rostelecom)

SOLUTION #1 Balance check.

Now a threshold of "-10,000" rubles has been set for all subscribers. If your current balance is equal to or more than "-1000.01", then the order will not go through. You can view the balance through the item "Service Management» in the standard menu of the set-top box.

SOLUTION #2. Contact technical support.

Specialists need to check the work of billing. Call 8 800 100 08 00 to tell the operator about the problem with error 13. Tell the operator that your balance matches the service parameters (see point 1).

Quiet sound on TV. Complete lack of sound.

You need to reboot the power supply.

SOLUTION #1. Reset STB to factory settings through the normal menu

Resetting to factory settings often helps. In the new firmware of set-top boxes, this can be done through the usual menu. We press the button "Menu", go to "Settings", choose "System Settings". Further at the very bottom we will see the inscription - "Restore factory settings". Click "OK" and agree with the reset

SOLUTION #2. Reset STB to factory settings through the service menu

In order to reset the settings to the factory settings, go to the system menu. To do this, turn off the device. Turn on and point the remote control at it all the time press (many times, not one) the button "Menu". Further actions depend on the STB model.

Motorola VIP-1003

Looks like that:

The service menu looks like this:

Accordingly, we first choose the item System, then select the item factory reset. The prefix will prompt you to save the changes and reboot.

MAG-250/ SML 482 hd base / IP-TV HD mini

They look like this:

The service menu looks like this:

On the blue field and do 2 actions in a row def setting and exit & save After the reboot, the sound will appear.

Solution #2. Check the reliability of the connection of the cables responsible for the sound on the set-top box.

They are always located on the back panel. There are two types of them:

1.HDMI

2. RCA ("Bells")

SOLUTION #3. If you still have a cable or antenna connection

Then, if possible, check the sound from these sources. If the sound is the same as on IP-TV, then there is a problem in the TV itself, if the sound is in order, contact technical support.

When turned on, the RTK splash screen appears, then a black screen. No sound and picture.

You need to reboot the power supply. Perhaps these were temporary difficulties.

SOLUTION #1. Checking the connection scheme and settings on the modem.

In order for IP-TV to work, you need the appropriate settings on the modem. They are usually located in the WAN section of each modem. There should be two lines. For the Internet (usually something like PPPoE 0/35) and the second for IP-TV (Bridge 0/37). Here's what it looks like in an example Sagemcom Fast 2804:

SOLUTION #2.Contact technical support.

Specialists need to check the linear data for your connection. By calling 8 800 100 08 00 inform that the modem and the receiver have been rebooted, the setting on the modem is normal.

On TV shows only recorded programs. When switching to a channel, it shows only the channel number and program guide, there is no image.

You need to reboot the power supply. Perhaps these were temporary difficulties.

SOLUTION #1. Contact technical support.

Specialists need to check the station equipment for the presence of some parameters and / or re-activate the service.

Wired interface not available

SOLUTION #1. Checking the connection modem (or optical terminal) -> set-top box (receiver).

Check the cable from the modem to the set-top box. Also check the power of the set-top box - this error appears if the set-top box turns off right during IP-TV operation. Check LAN cable. In any case, the connection was lost modem -> set-top box, i.e. dig in that direction.

"No IP address" writes interactive TV from Rostelecom. Prompts to reboot, but that doesn't help.

SOLUTION #1. Check if the set-top box is connected to the modem/optical terminal correctly.

The no IP address error occurs when the DHCP server cannot assign a permanent address to your set-top box on the provider's network. Thus, your TV is "stuck" on the modem (or optical terminal, if you have optics). Often this problem occurs due to the fact that the cable / set-top box / TV was transferred / kicked / turned off and then connected anyhow. Remember: For users of ADSL modems - the set-top box must be connected to LAN4 (the fourth port - they are signed). For users of optics (ONT). If you have one set-top box, it connects to LAN4. If two set-top boxes are LAN3 and LAN4. If you have three set-top boxes - LAN2, LAN3, LAN4. The first port on any devices is used ONLY for the Internet.

SOLUTION #2. Check twisted pair cable (cable to set-top box)

Also, the twisted pair cable may be to blame for this - this is the one that comes from the modem / terminal. Or it does not fit tightly into the connectors of the devices. Try to "plug" the plugs from the modem and from the set-top box. If that doesn't help, try testing the TV with a different, similar cable. For example, the same one is used for the Internet - it connects to a computer from a modem. Try connecting with this cable, your old one may no longer be suitable for signal transmission.

I connected an additional package of channels / additional functions (view control), but it does not work.

SOLUTION #1. It may take some time after ordering.

For timely updating of services in case of changing the tariff plan or ordering new services, each set-top box periodically (every 30 minutes) controls the special parameter productoffer/version. This parameter changes its value if the TP has changed.

I have two (three) consoles. I enter on one login and the password. On the other, he writes - this data is already being used!

SOLUTION #1. Do not use the same username and password

Each of your set-top boxes (receivers) has its own, separate login and password for each set-top box. You can see them on the "bottom" of the console.

I want to flash the prefix myself. What are my actions?

SOLUTION #1. Observe p Procedure for updating the firmware.

- It is necessary to format the USB flash drive in FAT32 format;
- Upload the firmware file to the root;
- Connect the flash drive to STB and reboot it by power supply;

I recorded the program, I decided to watch it later, but I did not find it! Where did she go?

SOLUTION #1. Move the record to the "Archive".

All recorded programs, films, cartoons, everything that you put on record will be stored for only 30 days. If you need more time to store content, move it to the Archive.

How to pay for Internet and TV through IP-TV?

Replenishment of the balance is available through the menu item "Manage services".

IP-TV error from Rostelecom. When I select the channel I need, a message appears - "Subscription extension required"

SOLUTION #1. Check if you are subscribed to this channel package.

When loading the set-top box, the message “Service is blocked, contact technical support” appears. Reboot doesn't help. Then a black screen.

SOLUTION #0. Are you using your plugin?

This happens when you really have another prefix that you took from friends, acquaintances or somewhere else. Perhaps this prefix is registered for a subscriber who has a service suspension or blocking for debts.

SOLUTION #1. Reboot the box 3-5 times

A similar problem is solved by rebooting the STB, but you need to reboot it three to five times.

SOLUTION #2. Check your balance.

It can be viewed in the section "Service Management". :

SOLUTION #2. Switch channels with the remote control from the set-top box for a while.

Yes, there will be no image (black screen). The essence of this, at first glance, useless operation is that the set-top box can request a login and password on one of the channels. This is what we need. Enter the data that you have on the "day" of the console.

You may have to do this several times - this is "normal". After several attempts, there is a chance that the service will work.

SOLUTION #3. Contact technical support.

Specialists need to check the billing system and/or reactivate the service.

When watching an ordered film, “artifacts” appear, scattering of the image

You need to reboot the power supply. Perhaps these were temporary difficulties.

SOLUTION #1. Perhaps the problem is the quality of the film itself.

It happens rarely, but it is quite possible that a low-quality version of the movie is uploaded to the server. If after a few hours the problem does not disappear, then you should contact the technical support service at the number 8 800 100 08 00

I want to watch IP-TV on the monitor. Is it possible?

Yes, you can connect a monitor from a TV screen. HDMI to HDMI connection. The broadcast will go from the TV, respectively, the picture will be the same (you can’t watch another program on the monitor). If the image on the monitor is strongly compressed or stretched, then change the extension settings on the set-top box itself.

I ordered films, but the prefix broke. If they change it for me, will the films that I paid for remain?

Movies will be transferred to your new console, since the collection is tied not to the hardware, but to your account.

Why doesn't rewind ordered movies work?

The film must be purchased. When buying a movie, it is not immediately added to the collection. The "preview" mode is turned on for the first 5 minutes of the movie. Thus, you can confirm the purchase of the film, or refuse. P.S. If you do not press anything, then after 5 minutes the movie will be bought automatically.

The screen says "Channel disconnected at the request of the subscriber"

If only the first 10 channels are shown to you, then you are using an STB (set-top box) that was blocked by the provider, even if everything worked for you before. Your account does not match the set-top box that you have connected. What to do? You need to call 8-800-1000-800 and report the problem. Submit the following information:
1. Error text on screen
2. The number of channels that are still showing (if any)
3. MAC address of the set-top box (written on a sticker, on the "bottom" of the device)

The screen says "Account blocked"

You will need a replacement set-top box (STB). You can call a specialist by calling 8-800-1000-800

The screen says "Network interface is available. IP address received. Server is not available"

Either - "Connection problem: network interface connected, no IP address obtained." This is most likely a temporary issue, please try again in ~30 minutes. But it also happens that the Router / modem does not process multicast packets correctly. Re-flashing the device is required - it is better not to perform this operation yourself - contact Rostelecom support

When ordering a movie, an error occurs: “For technical reasons, the purchase is currently unavailable. Error code: R0E1RS0ES0"

This problem is temporary. Films that do not have a price tag when ordering are not ordered (i.e. there is no price near the "Buy" button). Steps are being taken to eliminate it.

Insufficient connection speed "The bandwidth of your network equipment does not allow you to view this content"

This problem occurs only for ADSL subscribers. Solved on the side of the service aggregator (should have been solved in the latest version at the moment - 1.51595.xxx.). UPD: As of 11/17/2015, the problem is considered resolved, if you get a similar message, please write in the comments)

Programs / films do not go according to the program, not at the beginning, but with a delay or lag of 2-3 minutes

The fact is that the viewing control is tied to the EPG (program guide). If, in fact, the content goes at a time different from the program guide, then there are such small flaws. Nobody can influence this. It all depends on the desire of the channel to give content in exactly the same time as stated in the program guide. There is only one caveat - transcoding most of the channels implies a slight delay (about 30 seconds)

On federal channels, a burgundy stripe appears on the right side of the TV screen

The given problem really exists, but it, unfortunately, is not solvable. Those. The band is “given” by the transcoder on the provider's side, but the existing model for providing federal channels does not make it possible to replace and / or change the broadcast source. The only possible advice that can be given in this situation is to select the menu "Settings" -> "System settings" -> "Video aspect ratio" and set the mode to Pan&Scan, which stretches the image to the full diagonal of the TV

Channel "Friday!" asks for a pin. Channels of the "Adult" package are not displayed in the menu

Most likely, you do not have the maximum access level set. To set it up, go to "Settings" -> "Profile Management" -> "Edit" -> "master" (or choose the one you use) -> "Parental Controls" -> "Maximum Access Level". You need to set the value to 18+ and click "OK" so that the status becomes "Current".

Then press the "Back" button on the remote control until the set-top box asks for a pin code. Once entered, the settings will be saved. Then return to the menu "Settings" -> "My Settings" -> "Access Level". Please note that 18+ must also be here:

Server connection problem. Network interface: connected. IP address received. Server is not available

This failure periodically occurs on Rostelecom networks. After this error, the set-top box will periodically reboot itself - this is normal. The service will be restored automatically. Just leave the plugin on. However, if the service has not recovered after 2-8 hours, then reboot as follows. Turn off the STB (set-top box) -> turn off the modem (optical terminal, if you have PON) -> turn on the modem (terminal) -> wait for the device to fully boot (5-7 minutes) -> turn on the STB (set-top box).

Defects on HD channels - there is a green ripple on a black background, the sound is normal

To solve the problem, plug the HDMI cable from the set-top box into another HDMI port on the TV (there are always at least two of them on any TV models)

The Zabava app on a Samsung TV gives an error "Provision of service in the region where you are located is not possible"

Check the Internet connection - the problem occurs precisely when there are problems with the network (i.e. there is a Wi-Fi signal, but there is no Internet itself).