Channel 15 on a handheld radio. Reviews and useful information for radio amateurs

So, you have purchased a MegaJet radio station and installed it in your car. And now the most interesting thing for you is to configure it. But how to do that? The method of random button presses will not work. Reading the instruction, which is replete with scientific radio engineering terms, is also not very interesting and takes time. We offer you a short article with practical advice to tune your radio station:

• The first step is to switch the radio to 240 channel mode. To do this, you need to enter the combination "AM / FM -> ON";
• If you pressed the buttons incorrectly, you can reset all settings, to reset the settings, you need to press "CH9 -> ON", the screen will display "Reset";
• To switch to the Russian grid, you need to dial the combination "DW / M2-> ON". After that, it will be possible to see on the screen that the frequencies end at 0. On the Euro-grid, the frequencies end at 5, we draw your attention to the fact that most often drivers and truckers use the grid of the European range;
• You can check the walkie-talkie in this way, by turning on, for example, the channel for truckers C15E AM at a frequency of 27.135, where “C” is the grid, “15” is the channel number, “E” is the grid of the European range, “AM” is the amplitude modulation;
• You can tune the antenna yourself. You can install your own antenna or purchase another brand that is compatible with your radio station.

In order to fully tune your radio station, in any case, you need to read the instructions or use the help of specialists.

But if you do not want to understand the instructions or you simply don’t have time for this, then we suggest using the services of our specialists in tuning and programming radio stations. They will professionally do the job in a short time, give you valuable advice and advice on how to use it.

Ranges and frequencies of walkie-talkies

In this article, we will briefly consider which frequencies are allocated for radio communication and which radio stations and for which range should be considered when choosing equipment in a particular case. The article is presented in free form, using simplifications in some concepts and details. Does not pretend to be encyclopedic accuracy, but will give general idea on the frequencies used in Russia and the radio communication equipment used.

Consider in what ranges do the radios work and why, in one case or another, different radio frequency ranges.

Shortwave range - 1-30 MHz

HF radio It is used mainly by the military, the Ministry of Emergency Situations, the navy, forestry and environmental organizations for professional communication over long distances - from 150 to 8000 km.

The main disadvantages of the HF range are low noise immunity and the need to use overall antennas up to several tens of meters long. Pros - absolute autonomy, long communication range and low cost compared to satellite communications.

Main equipment used: Icom IC-78, IC-M802., Vertex VX-1700, VX-1400, VX-1200/1210., Kenwood TK-90, Cordon R-12, Q-Mac HF 90M, Barrett PRC-2090 , PRC-2091, Karat, Angara.

Also, within 1-30 MHz, there are 9 frequency sections allocated for communication to radio amateurs. The main used HF amateur radio equipment is transceivers from Kenwood, Icom, Yaesu, Elecraft. If for professional stable radio communication, the range is usually limited to 8000 km, then radio amateurs often conduct transcontinental radio communications with their colleagues located on the other side of the world.

Currently, the market for software-based radio - SDR equipment is gaining momentum. Software-based radio is beginning to be widely used in amateur radio, military and commercial applications. To date, Harris and Alcatel Lucent have already implemented several successful projects that use equipment based on SDR technology and cognitive radio (a radio system capable of receiving information about the features of its own operation and, based on this data, adjust its operating parameters). In the future, SDR technology has every chance of becoming a new standard in the telecommunications market.

Civilian band - 27MHz

Conditionally referred to as the "27 MHz band". The frequency range is 25.6-30.1 MHz (the officially authorized section is 26.965-27.860 MHz). Another name - Cib range from English abbreviation CB - Citizen Band.

Range of truckers on walkie-talkie this is the 15th channel, with a frequency of 27.135 MHz, in amplitude modulation (AM) mode. The channel is actively used by truckers for communication on the highways. In big cities B-band walkie-talkie 27 MHz, used by motorists to exchange traffic information. V different cities, different channels are used for urban communication. For example, in Krasnoyarsk this is channel 40, with a frequency of 27.405 MHz, in Kemerovo, the 27th channel, a frequency of 27.275 MHz. Frequency modulation (FM) is used on urban auto channel frequencies.

Also, the radio stations of this range are used by small taxi companies and freight carriers, rapid response groups of security companies and utilities. Despite the affordability of the equipment, and the fact that, according to the decree of the government of the Russian Federation of 13.10.2011 No. 837, walkie-talkie range 27 MHz are not subject to registration, it is necessary to take into account the fact that the civilian band is subject to large atmospheric and industrial interference and the use walkie-talkiesCB range for commercial purposes is not suitable for enterprises where high-quality radio communication is needed. Portable ci bi-band walkie-talkies, due to the small radius of action and relatively large dimensions, they did not receive much distribution and are used mainly for loading and unloading operations or in parking lots of trucks.

Most of the CB radio stations available in Russia are presented in our online store.

Buy ci bi-band walkie-talkies which you can in our online store are presented in separate directory .

Low-Band range - 33-57.5 MHz

This is the lower section of the VHF mobile radio range.

Due to the large influence of industrial noise in cities and interference from TV broadcasting transmitters, this range is used mainly in countryside... The main users, since the days of the USSR, are ambulance stations and agricultural enterprises. To date, most of the world's manufacturers have stopped producing radio stations for these frequencies. Equipment for the Low-Band range, in currently, offered by domestic manufacturers - companies Granite and Vebr. In warehouses, you can still find radio stations from famous brands: Motorola GP340, GM360., Vertex Standard VX-3000L. Alinco, Inc. remains the only available foreign equipment manufacturer in the 33-57.5 MHz band. The company offers the DJ-V17L wearable radio and the DR-135LH and DR-M06R car (base) radios.

Air range - 118-137 MHz

Aircraft carry out radio communications with each other and with ground services in this frequency range. Unlike most other types of VHF communication, amplitude modulation is used. Popular equipment for the aviation band -

wearable aviation range walkie-talkie:

156.8375-174 MHz - mobile and fixed terrestrial communications.

In accordance with the basic law "On Communications" dated July 07, 2003 No. 126-FZ, for the organization of radio communications in this range, it is necessary to obtain a permit from the Federal State Unitary Enterprise "GRChTs". If you need to obtain frequencies, we can provide consulting and accompanying support in obtaining permits.

High noise immunity and good signal transmission made the 136-174 MHz range the most popular among users and equipment manufacturers. Most of popular models radio stations and antennas of the VHF range. Walkie-talkiesVHF band in our store are presented in separate directory .

River range - 300 MHz

Used for communication on inland waterways.

Working frequencies of walkie-talkies are in the range 300.0125-300.5125 MHz and 336.0125-336.5125 MHz.

River range radio comes with pre-installed channels dedicated to communication with ships and shore services, for one purpose or another.

Frequencies of channel walkie-talkies- their numbers and purpose are established by the "Instructions on the organization of ship radio communications in the basin (region)", approved by the Service of the River Fleet of the Ministry of Transport Russian Federation and coordinated with the local authorities of the State Supervision of Radio Communication. So, the main channels are:

Channel 2 (300.05 MHz) - for ship-to-ship communications;

Channel 3 (300.1 MHz) - for communication with gateway managers;

Channel 4 (300.15 MHz) - for communication with other river fleet services;

Channel 5 (300.2 MHz) - for calling ships, agreeing on the order of divergence and overtaking when maneuvering and transmitting distress signals.

Channel 25 and 43 (336.2 MHz and 300.125 MHz) are common for communication between yachts.

All radio stations installed on ships, on inland waterways, must necessarily have the Permit of the River Register of Russia (RRR) and the Certificate of the Ministry of Communications, regardless of their affiliation and whether these radio stations are the main or additional equipment.

According to the frequency allocation approved by the International Telecommunication Union (ITU), all over the world, frequencies in the 156-162 MHz range are used for communication between ships (rivers and seas). The river range of 300 MHz is used only in Russia and the choice of equipment offered for this range is small. Popular river radio stations: Radioma-300, Vertex Standard VX-451 / VX-454, Vega VG-304, Argut A-36.

VHF range - 400-470 MHz

In foreign sources, the range is designated as UHF, the name of which is formed from the capital letters Ultra High Frequency.

The peculiarities of the propagation of UHF frequencies make it possible to recommend this range for use in dense urban areas, in the mountains. In forest conditions, radio stations at 400 MHz are inferior to radio stations in the 136-174 MHz range.

Frequency bands are allocated in the range for professional use, for radio amateurs and for unlicensed use by everyone.

Frequencies of walkie-talkies, the work of which, in accordance with the basic law "On Communications" dated July 07, 2003 No. 126-FZ, is possible only with permits:

420-430 MHz - mobile and fixed terrestrial communications;

430-440 MHz - radio amateur band;

440-470 MHz - mobile and fixed terrestrial communications.

If it is necessary to obtain nominal frequencies, we can provide consulting and accompanying support in obtaining permits.

Sections of the range, which, according to the Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation of December 31, 2004 No. 896, do not require permits - allowed radio range(unlicensed frequencies):

433.075-434.775 MHz - LPD ("Low Power Device") range. Standard frequency grid of 69 nominal values, with a step of 25 kHz;

446.00625-446.09375 - PMR (Private Mobile Radio) range. A standard frequency grid of 8 channels, with a step between channels of 12.5 kHz (for fine tuning, the radio must have the ability to adjust the step of 6.25 kHz).

How much does a walkie-talkie cost in a car? It depends primarily on the manufacturer and the country where they are produced. And it also depends on the quality of the components of a particular model and the number of working functions. The most expensive radio stations are amateur models with an extended number of functions (Ham radio). Most of the functions in these radios are never used. ordinary users or truck drivers. Their price can be from 12,000 - 15,000 rubles to 30,000 and more. There are simple walkie-talkies with a minimum of functions. Such models are cheaper, although it is not a fact that they are bad. Their price starts from 3000 rubles.

Which radio station for truckers to choose?

Below is a list of currently popular models. Among them there are very simple and inexpensive ones, and there are also multifunctional ones with a higher price tag. Amateur radios are not featured here.

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These radio stations appeared not very long ago, but have already gained popularity among motorists. Track radio stations are a brand of the VectorCom company and are produced at high-tech production. Each walkie-talkie has a warranty card with a one-year warranty. They rarely break. Repairs are carried out in our own service center... Consider a radio station Truck. These walkie-talkies are also notable for their low price combined with excellent quality.

Long-haul drivers often work alone. Practically the only way for truckers to communicate on the way is a walkie-talkie. It allows the driver to take a little distraction from the hardships of the road. Advertisements for the sale of this irreplaceable device can be found all over the country.

Already long ago the walkie-talkie for the trucker took its rightful place in the truck not far from the radio. In addition to truckers, it is used by taxi drivers, minibus drivers, as well as simple people, for a long time and often traveling in their own car in the regions of our country.

A trip along an unfamiliar road and unknown cities, which accompanies the transportation of goods, will be much easier if you use the drivers of long-haul flights as a "reference point". Sitting behind their cars, you can be sure that all traffic rules are being followed. How do truckers know in advance about unscheduled traffic police raids, highway repairs or good detour routes? All this happens with the help of a walkie-talkie.

Truck driver frequency

The civilian range of truckers' radios are CB frequencies - 27 MHz, or rather, the frequency of 27, 135 MHz.

Trucker Channels

For truck drivers, there is a special 15 channel "C" grid operating in AM mode. This should be taken into account when buying your own radio, since some of these devices can only receive information in FM mode, which means that it will be impossible to use them during the necessary negotiations.

Truckers' communication: antenna for walkie-talkie

Antenna size has a large effect on signal range. When installing it on tall vehicles, you need to take into account the presence of over-road objects that it can touch. If the antenna is installed correctly, then it can be safely used on the road, without fear of unforeseen circumstances or traffic police raids that may occur on the way.

What exactly are truckers talking about on their own radios? Are they discussing the vicissitudes of fate or their hard work? Do they remember the abandoned house or are they happy with the next flight? Anyone who installs a walkie-talkie for a truck driver in their car can get answers to these questions.

Video: a walkie-talkie for a trucker is the first necessity.

A person who is little familiar with the rules of civil radio exchange (and generally knows little about the existence of any rules in this area) often does not think about what frequencies, as an ordinary citizen of the Russian Federation, he can communicate.

These questions come later, when the unpacked radio is in our hands and we are trying to figure it out. And it's good if, trying to figure it out, we do not tune our radios to any waves that come across, starting to test them (here we are talking about radios that have the technical ability to work at special frequencies, if you have a "soap box" that works only on PMR frequencies, you should not worry either on setting up, or on compliance with the law)! The article is dedicated to the beginners of radio exchange, the same as the author of the article himself and talks about some of the basics!

On what frequencies can civilians communicate in Russia?

First of all, you need to understand that on this moment for civil communications in Russia, only 3 frequency ranges are allocated (PMR / CB / LPD), while each frequency range has its own nuances. Which, however, we will not describe in detail, limiting ourselves to only brief information.

PMR/ Pi-um-er: 446.00000 MHz - 446.10000 MHz / Step 12.5 kHz. Maximum allowable output power transmitting devices 0.5 W. PMR is used in many European countries to meet a wide variety of civilian needs. In Russia, the PMR band has been officially allowed for free radio traffic since 2005. To communicate on the PMR band, no special license is required. It is widespread to sell cheap radios operating exclusively on the PMR band. The PMR range has a total of 8 channels:

Band start: 446.00000 MHz
1 channel: 446.00625 MHz
Channel 2: 446.01875 MHz
Channel 3: 446.03125 MHz
Channel 4: 446.04375 MHz
Channel 5: 446.05625 MHz
Channel 6: 446.06875 MHz
Channel 7: 446.08125 MHz
Channel 8: 446.09375 MHz (Used only for calling or transmitting a distress call.)
Band end: 446.10000 MHz

A message in PMR can be transmitted over several kilometers, depending on the transmission conditions (city, forest, field, etc.). However, a rare case of signal transmission at 535.8 km (from the UK to the Netherlands) is known, but this became possible due to the rarest anomaly in this range of wave propagation over long distances. To ensure good communication over long distances, line-of-sight conditions are necessary, theoretically you can be heard from a balloon or an ISS station, but the more rugged the terrain, the shorter the range achieved.

LPD: 433.075 MHz - 434.775 MHz (25 kHz step) The maximum allowable output power of transmitting devices is not more than 10 mW. The radio frequency range for low power devices is allowed for free use in many countries with some restrictions.

LPD frequency for 69 channel radio.
Channel number - frequency in MHz:

01 — 433.0750
02 — 433.1000
03 — 433.1250
04 — 433.1500
05 — 433.1750
06 — 433.2000
07 — 433.2250
08 — 433.2500
09 — 433.2750
10 — 433.3000
11 — 433.3250
12 — 433.3500
13 — 433.3750
14 — 433.4000
15 — 433.4250
16 — 433.4500
17 — 433.4750
18 — 433.5000
19 — 433.5250
20 — 433.5500
21 — 433.5750
22 — 433.6000
23 — 433.6250
24 — 433.6500
25 — 433.6750
26 — 433.7000
27 — 433.7250
28 — 433.7500
29 — 433.7750
30 — 433.8000
31 — 433.8250
32 — 433.8500
33 — 433.8750
34 — 433.9000
35 - 433.9250 (The frequency at which the car alarm key fobs operate, if you hold down the push-button you can drown out the signal with all that it implies. We highly do not recommend doing such things).
36 — 433.9500
37 — 433.9750
38 — 434.0000
39 — 434.0250
40 — 434.0500
41 — 434.0750
42 — 434.1000
43 — 434.1250
44 — 434.1500
45 — 434.1750
46 — 434.2000
47 — 434.2250
48 — 434.2500
49 — 434.2750
50 — 434.3000
51 — 434.3250
52 — 434.3500
53 — 434.3750
54 — 434.4000
55 — 434.4250
56 — 434.4500
57 — 434.4750
58 — 434.5000
59 — 434.5250
60 — 434.5500
61 — 434.5750
62 — 434.6000
63 — 434.6250
64 — 434.6500
65 — 434.6750
66 — 434.7000
67 — 434.7250
68 — 434.7500
69 — 434.7750

LPD frequency for 8 channel walkie-talkie.
Channel number - frequency in MHz / correspondence to channels on a radio with 69 channels:

01 — 433.0750 / 1
02 — 433.1000 /2
03 — 433.2000 /6
04 — 433.3000 /10
05 — 433.3500 /12
06 — 433.4750 /17
07 — 433.6250 /23
08 — 433.8000 /30

CB: C - Bi (the output power of radio stations up to 10 W does not require registration in the Russian Federation) - used for civil radio communications. There are quite a few areas of application, for example, to establish communication between buildings, cars, surface transport.
It has an advantage over PMR and LPD bands when it comes to use in the forest and rough terrain, but PMR and LPD are more suitable for the city, this is due to the wavelength.

In addition to the frequencies themselves in the C-Bi range, a grid is also used, consisting of an alphanumeric code. Here are some useful CB (CB) radio frequencies: The 27.135 MHz C15EA frequency can be called the main automotive frequency in Russia. This is the calling frequency on which not only truckers communicate, but also everyone who has a radio station in their car throughout Russia.

Frequency 27.225 MHz (22nd channel of grid C) - the channel of motorists of the 4x4 club.

Not a big conclusion on the given civil frequencies.

The conclusion is, in general, from the same newbie who got information from the Internet. As I understand it (if you are wrong, correct in the comments), if your walkie-talkies are suitable in all parameters (outgoing signal strength, antenna design, etc.) so much that they do not need to be registered and you follow all the rules of radio exchange while trying to anyone do not interfere, you can safely use these waves! If there are problems with the parameters of the radio, it should be registered. At the same time, again, as I understood it, they will sew it artificially, limiting the exceeded indicators. You can of course use the walkie-talkie at your own peril and risk. At the same time, we are strictly prohibited from using other frequencies for transmission! That is, you cannot even just clamp the PTT on them, because this may interfere with the operation of various services! An exception can be a distress signal, that is, if your life is in danger and you are trying to contact at least someone to save you. This action will be within the law.

In conclusion, let's touch on the topic of Radio amateurs. How to officially become a radio amateur, get a class, a license and register your callsign, you can find on the Internet. We will note that we, as ordinary citizens, are also prohibited from using the frequencies of official radio amateurs for communication. If you officially join the ranks of radio amateurs, go through all the necessary procedures, you will be able to use 144.000 MHz - 146.000 MHz - civil radio communication for licensed radio amateurs, and not just anyhow, but according to the rules.

I hope that the information presented here was useful to you! And if you have something to say on this topic, write comments and share your experience!

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