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How to create a mac installation disc. OS X Yosemite bootable flash drive

Hello Makovods! There was such a joke in my computer youth - when choosing a disk, I suggested taking a larger disk (at that time a 500 GB disk was already available) to replace the native one, which was often within 100 - 200 GB. They looked at me like that and did not understand why such a “large” volume. And just then everyone began to have the Internet, a lot of content, saving movies and music to a computer ... And it was clear - the larger the disk, the better - in six months or a year, the disk will be packed 🙂 Now everything has changed: fast Internet and various services for content distribution - online movies, music streaming services, Apple Music... But even now, given all this, the question has not lost its relevance - "how to free up space on a Mac?" And now I will tell you where to look and what to delete!

Who needs a lot of space on a Mac

Today, more and more often you can find a Mac with installed SSD — Macbook Air, Retina and just MacBook. I also like to install a fast SSD (solid state drive) in everything that moves in the Mac, and often, the volume of such a disk varies from 120 to 250 GB, which may not be enough ... GB - a system with programs takes 20 - 30 GB + 10 - 20 GB is best left for stable SSD work and as a result, 70 - 90 GB remain for movies, music and documents. Agree, this is not so much, and you will definitely find something to fill them with 🙂 And the free space will run out at the most inopportune moment, when you urgently need to record a movie on the road or create a backup copy of your iPhone... Now I will try to talk a little about the intricacies SSD operation, and if you are not interested, feel free to skip the next chapter 🙂

The subtleties of the work of the SSD and how much free space to leave on the SSD

An SSD is very similar to the flash drive that we all use every day, only the stuffing is a bit cooler. Inside, besides the memory chips themselves, there is still a lot of interesting things, but the most important thing is the controller, and it depends on what it is and how it works. maximum speed disk, service life, and so on ... Data is written to the disk in memory cells, and the controller knows where to write what and where there is free space. When you perform the read-change-write procedure, the controller starts frantically moving data blocks to check the "wear and tear" of memory cells and other procedures. The more free space on the disk, the easier and faster this procedure is, but as soon as the free space on the disk approaches zero, the speed is lower and lower ... This can be compared with the defragmentation procedure on ordinary disks, those with spinning platters. As a result, when 1 - 5 GB remains on a 120 GB SSD, the speed drops so much that the speed of launching programs is similar to torture!

Now let's talk about optimal free space on SSD. By personal experience and according to articles on the network, the volume was revealed - 10 - 20% (percent!) Of the total volume of the drive! It is percent, and not just 10-20 GB, since the operation of the controller will depend on the% of free space, how much room it will have for maneuvers - data redistribution for optimal "wear" of memory chips. Alas, memory cells cannot be written and cleared an infinite number of times, but the statistics are on average such that if several gigabytes are written per day, your disk will last at least 5 years! But this does not mean that it will really work that much if you leave 1 - 2% free on it and work with it constantly ... In any case, after 5 years, you will want to change your drive, if only because the prices for SSD all the time crawling down (if it were not for the depreciation of the ruble) and from year to year the disks are becoming more and more available!

By the way, since we are talking about the intricacies of SSDs, I can’t help but notice one VERY IMPORTANT THING - recovering data from an SSD is very difficult and expensive! Do you know why? And all because the controller is very smart and restructures the data at every opportunity. On normal disks, when you delete a file, the data itself does not disappear, the disk simply marks the empty space as free, and continues to write the next files to other cells. That is why, when you have deleted some important file, it can still be restored through special programs or service. The main thing is to turn off the computer as soon as possible or disconnect the disk on which the data has disappeared and call the service. By the way, 🙂

But on an SSD, when you delete something, the controller can reassign the freed blocks within a few minutes (from 3 to 30 minutes), thereby permanently deleting the data. And to recover data from an SSD, you need to turn off the disk, and carry it to, in which the disk will be disassembled, the board with the chips will be pulled out, the chips will be unsoldered (if possible), and all the information will be read directly from them. After such a procedure, the disk will most likely go to the trash... So it is extremely necessary!!!

So, we briefly analyzed the intricacies of the SSD and now you can start clearing disk space!

How to free up space on Mac

To clean up a disk on a Mac, you can use 2 methods - go to Finder, select the desired folder - Pictures, Music, Documents, and so on, and look at the folder properties: how much space does this or that folder take up and start cleaning from junk. The method is good, but only for the master, who knows exactly which folders to look in first of all, so as not to break the system and remove really unnecessary folders and files! Personally, I immediately climb into iPhone / iPad backups, system library and cache. But this is me - I understand what can be removed from the Mac in order to free up space and not kill the system! In difficult cases, I run an excellent program. And do not pay attention that the program is paid, since its free functionality is more than enough for us!

We download the program, run it, and we see this window (for the second or more launches, you have to wait until the countdown line disappears, and then click on Test Drive):

The first window shows all drives, both the system drive and all flash drives and images connected to the Mac. We need exactly the disk next to which it says " boot disk”, although you can also scan an external drive. Click on the scan button and wait for the end of the process: depending on the type of disk ( HDD or solid-state) and volume, the program will scan the disk from a few seconds to several minutes. And after the scan, a window will appear with a diagram that everyone will have their own, but similar to this:

Here is a beautiful chart that shows all the large objects - folders and files on the selected drive. Please note right away that not everything can be touched with your playful hands, and something will even be inaccessible, but first things first. If you, like me, have "(hidden space)" at the very bottom of the list, then this is a local disk backup: you can only get rid of it by connecting external drive And . In most cases, this solves the problem, and if not, then there is no point in bothering (when the disk runs out of space, the operating system cleans up this space)!

Above can be, like mine, folders System And Libraries — SUPER SCARY FOLDERS YOU SHOULD NOT CLIMB WITHOUT A BACKUP COPY!!! In them lie the most important files for adequate work operating system OS X! Only professionals who clearly understand what is there and what it is responsible for can climb into these beautiful folders.

Next comes the folder private- it’s also worth going into it if you don’t know what lies there and what to do with all this business. I deleted something from there and a surprise awaited me 🙂 Even teachers in system administration in Moscow did not immediately say what was there and how it works. Kroch, do not climb there the same!

Clearing the Applications folder

But then there is already something where we can go and delete something - Programs and Users. For 90% of my readers, the Users folder will be at the very top. Inside a folder Programs We are waiting for something like this:

By the way, in order to immediately see in the Finder the object that you want to delete or view, just hold down the Command (CMD) key and left-click on the object in the diagram or in the left column.

Here you can delete what you want, except system programs, such as iChat, Quick Time, etc. You won't be able to delete them - OS X will say that it can't be done because it system files. But to find some rarely used or unnecessary programs it will be easy! Here I always remove junk from the iLife package - Garage Band, iWeb And iDVD Of course, if you don't use them at all. Sometimes it goes into the trash iMovie, but this is infrequent. iPhoto almost always stays on the Mac 🙂 It can also take up a lot of space installation package new OS X ( OS X Yosemite Installer, for example), and if you do not have plans to install it, then you can safely throw the same thing into the trash, since it will not be difficult to download it again on a Mac!

Emptying the Users folder

At this stage, you will have the opportunity to evaluate your files from a bird's eye view - how much data you have in your downloads, how much music and movies, as well as look into libraries. Naturally, I cannot give you advice on what you need in photos, music or documents - these are your personal files and only you understand their value. I want to show those few folders that are most often not really needed, but at the same time they have something to delete!

Music -> iTunes -> iTunes Media -> Mobile Applications - there may be programs from the iPhone and iPad that you downloaded from App Store. In fact, there is no point in storing them on a Mac, since they can always be downloaded from the store at any time! Sometimes this folder can take up a lot of space and in my case its size was about 15 GB!

You can also look through your media library for large albums, and re-evaluate their significance to you. You no longer want to listen to something, but you are tired of something - you should not litter the disk with these compositions. By the way, there you also need to pay attention to 2 folders: Music -> iTunes -> iTunes Media -> Home Video and Movies in the same place - they can contain your movies purchased in iTMS and movies: that you added to iTunes. It is possible that you no longer need them, and there is no point in just keeping films from the store in the media library!

It is important to understand exactly where your music is stored - in your iTunes library or simply organized into folders. For example, I have all the music in my media library and after that, I delete all the source files. Although there are times when there are no tracks in the library itself, and music files are scattered all over the Mac. Go to iTunes -> Preferences -> Add-ons and see what checkboxes you have:

If, like mine, all the boxes are checked, then the songs that you download from the Internet and then upload to iTunes are stored both in the library and in the original downloaded folder! In this case, you can safely delete the original files and leave only in iTunes.

If we figured out the media library, then we can safely stomp to the side reserve iPhone copies in iTunes. To do this, you can either go to Libraries, which I don’t really recommend without understanding what to do, or go to iTunes and delete it through it. Let's clear the place in the second way. To do this, go to iTunes -> Settings and in the window that appears, click on Devices at the top:

If your Mac is already quite a few years old and there are a lot of phones and tablets in your family, then you may be in for a surprise 🙂 Personally, I almost never have copies there (and if they do, they are fresh), but some I have seen more than 10 various devices with very ancient copies (until 2010 ...)! Some copies may belong to your gadget, while others may be your wife, girlfriend or colleague - why do you need them ?! Feel free to choose outdated copies and click on the Delete backup below, and then on the OK button. If you click on Cancel, the copies will remain on your computer! Or you can do it a little differently - click right click click on the device, select Show in Finder and delete the folder with the copy from there.

The difference is that when deleting via iTunes, you do not see the process itself, and if the copy is very large (more than 10-20 GB), then the Mac will slow down during the deletion, and you will not see the process itself and its end time. And if you delete the copy directly from the Finder, then you will observe the progress of removing the copy 🙂

For Mac owners with solid state drive, it will also not be a bad help. A similar trick will help to kill 2 birds with one stone - to have backup copies from the iPhone / iPad, and also not to clog your laptop's built-in disk with them!

In addition to the iTunes library, you can look into the media libraries A photo or iPhoto. Look at your photos, and you may find a lot of unnecessary ones. Personally, all the photos from the iPhone (via the photo stream) got into Photos / iPhoto, and I often shoot something as a reminder, and the value of the frame disappears almost immediately after shooting, but these photos still ended up in the media library. Photos on the iPhone are very high quality, but back side quality - the weight of the frame! By deleting a hundred unnecessary pictures, you will save about 200 - 500 MB. But you should not only delete the photos themselves from the media library, but also empty the basket in iPhoto and delete "recently deleted frames" in Photos.

And if a photo takes a couple of megabytes, then a short 10-second video on the iPhone 5 (for example) takes up 20 MB, not to mention the fact that videos on newer models take up much more space! And if you, without hesitation, save all this to your media library or to a separate folder, then you should visit them and check their volume. It may well turn out that some videos were shot by accident, or have already lost their relevance 🙂

By the way, in addition to cleaning media libraries, you can also use them 🙂

In addition to all of the above, I also recommend inspecting the folder Downloads! The most necessary and most harmful folder at the same time - everything that you download from the Internet most often ends up there, but not always, the downloaded files crawl to other places - music to music, movies to movies, etc ... I very often see , as the Downloads folder takes up almost the most space, and only because the files from there are never revised and cleaned. Go there and take a closer look at the contents! By the way, I myself have this folder the largest, but only because I store a lot of useful things there ( iOS firmware, updates for Mac, etc.) and inside the Downloads folder I have a clear structure.

Well, it seems to be all. So, offhand, I delete from some poppies 20 GB of data that is not really needed on a computer. I hope you can clean your Mac of junk files too 🙂

This step-by-step guide shows several ways to easily make a bootable Mac OS X Yosemite flash drive. Such a drive may come in handy if you want to perform clean install Yosemite on your Mac, you need to quickly install the system on several Macs and MacBooks (without downloading on each), well, to install on Intel computers(for those methods where the original distribution is used).

If you do not want to use the terminal, but need simple program to make OS X Yosemite bootable on Mac, DiskMaker X - great option for this. You can download the program from the official website http://diskmakerx.com

Also, as in the previous method, before using the program, download Yosemite from the App Store, then launch DiskMaker X.

At the first stage, you need to specify which version of the system you want to write to a USB flash drive, in our case it is Yosemite.

After that, the program will find the previously downloaded OS X distribution and offer to use it, click "Use this copy" (but you can choose another image if you have one).

After that, it remains only to select the flash drive to which the recording will be made, agree to the deletion of all data and wait for the files to be copied.

OS X Yosemite bootable USB flash drive in Windows

Perhaps the fastest and most convenient way to record bootable USB drive with Yosemite in Windows - using the TransMac program. It is not free, but it works for 15 days without the need to purchase. You can download the program from the official website http://www.acutesystems.com/

To create a bootable flash drive, you will need an OS X Yosemite image in .dmg format. If available, connect the drive to your computer and run TransMac as an administrator.

In the list on the left, right-click on the desired USB drive and select the "Restore with Disk Image" context menu item.

Specify the path to the OS X image file, agree with the warnings that data from the disk will be deleted and wait until all files are copied from the image - the bootable flash drive is ready.

You can use macOS not only on a MacBook, but also on regular computer with Windows. Next, we will tell you how to install macOS on a PC and what programs will be required for this. After that, you can use all the features of the "apple" operating system.

Installation Features

In total, there are several ways to install macOS on a regular PC. Each has its own characteristics, so read them carefully and choose the one you need:

as the main operating system. Then you can use all the features of OS X right on your PC. All computer resources (volume hard drive) will be focused on the selected OS.
The second operating system along with Windows. OS X will be used as an additional one. After starting the computer, you will be able to choose which system to boot (Linux, Windows or OS). It will not work to use all the features of the PC (HDD volume).
Inside Windows, using virtual machine. This will require special software and distribution kits of the necessary OS. The method allows you to simultaneously work with several operating systems, manage available system resources(for example, to determine how much random access memory get OS).

In all cases, you will need a distribution kit to install the operating system.

If you are going to put OS X as the main or additional OS, you will have to create a bootable USB flash drive or use a ready-made disk with macOS.

Preparing a bootable OS X flash drive

bootable flash drive- a regular Flash drive, on which the distribution kit with the operating system is written. In our case, this will be OS X. You can create it from under Windows or another computer (on Linux or Mac). In all cases, the methods will be different. To create a macOS flash drive on a Windows PC, follow these steps:

After all the necessary files and programs are downloaded, you can proceed to the next step - creating a bootable USB flash drive. To do this, you will additionally need a USB drive with at least 8 GB of memory.

Create a bootable flash drive

mac installation OS X consists of several steps, one of which is creating a bootable flash drive or disk. Without this, changing the operating system will not work. Therefore, further we will tell you how to do it using free utility BootDiskUtility:

Wait for the operation to complete. As soon as the operating system is written, the USB flash drive can be used as a bootable for macOS installations.

If you want to install macOS on Windows as a second operating system, then you do not need to completely format the drive.

Installing macOS

Installing the macOS operating system on a PC begins with creating a bootable USB flash drive. Therefore, when the USB drive is ready, you can proceed to the next step. To start the installation, follow these steps:

Depending on the specifications computer and other features of the operating system, as a rule, the process takes no more than 20 minutes. Now you know how to install macOS instead of Windows 10 on your computer and what you need to do this.

Installing the macOS X operating system on a PC is not only downloading, but also setting up the OS. After the unpacking is completed, it is necessary to correctly configure the basic parameters.

To do this, follow these steps:

From the list, select the language in which the device will be registered and click the Continue button.
Specify the layout for the keyboard. If you are not using a poppy, then it is recommended to select "Russian - PC".
If you have not previously used other devices from Apple and you do not have backups, then in the "Information transfer" block, select the item " Don't transfer data to Macbook” and click the Continue button.
If you have an Apple ID, then log in using the data account. This setting can be configured at any other time, so click Don't sign in.
Accept the terms license agreement and create a user account. These are normal measures to protect the data that is stored on the computer. Therefore, if necessary, set a password.
Select your time zone and check the box next to Do Not Register.

You can change most of these settings on macOS later, through the " Settings". This may require you to enter your administrator account and Apple ID details. If necessary, set up synchronization, backup.

Using a virtual machine

If installing the macOS operating system on a PC as the main or additional one is not suitable, then you can use the capabilities of the MacBook through a virtual machine. To do this, follow these steps:

Installing a macOS distribution from a flash drive takes no more than 40 minutes. But if you do not plan to use the operating system too actively, then you can get by with the image in the virtual machine. With the help of a virtual machine, you can boot other operating systems.

Conclusion

This article talked about how to install macOS on a PC using necessary programs. There are several installation options, and which one to use is up to you. We hope our article will help you to implement your plan faster and easier.

Related videos

Which, according to Cupertino, thanks to new technologies makes Mac computers more reliable, functional and faster. A little later, the first macOS beta High Sierra, and today we'll show you how to create a bootable USB drive yourself to install this operating system on your Mac.

To do a so-called "clean" installation, you first need to create a boot disk, which can be used as a USB drive. This will allow you to install macOS High Sierra on multiple computers. In addition, you must have access to an image of the new desktop operating system. If you do not have a paid developer account, you can wait until it becomes available public beta macOS High Sierra or download its image from third-party resources.

Read the instructions to the very end before you begin the process of creating a USB drive with macOS High Sierra and then installing it.

Requirements:

1. Computer * running OS X 10.7 Lion or higher.
2. macOS High Sierra installer distribution package downloaded to your computer.
3. USB disk with a capacity of at least 8 GB.

* Your computer must be compatible with macOS High Sierra - compatible Mac list.

How to create a bootable macOS High Sierra USB drive

1. Download the macOS High Sierra installer. By default, the distribution is called Install macOS 10.13 Beta. You can rename it, but to avoid confusion, we recommend leaving this name. Make sure the Install macOS 10.13 Beta file is located in the Applications folder (all programs from the Mac App Store are downloaded there). If it is located elsewhere on your computer, move it to this folder.

2. Connect the USB disk to your Mac computer. If it is not already formatted, launch the Disk Utility application ( "Programs" → "Utilities" → "Disk Utility") and format it by selecting "GUID Partition Scheme" and "Mac OS Extended (Journaled)". This process will delete all data from the USB drive.

3. As the name of the USB disk, you can choose any convenient name, for example, "USB". First make sure that no other drives with the same name are connected to your computer.

4. Launch the "Terminal" ( "Programs" → "Utilities" → "Terminal") and enter the following command * :

sudo /Applications/Install\ macOS\ 10.13\ Beta.app/Contents/Resources/createinstallmedia --volume /Volumes/USB --applicationpath /Applications/Install\ macOS\ 10.13\ Beta.app --nointeraction

After that, press the Enter key to move Install macOS 10.13 Beta to a USB drive and make it bootable.

* If you renamed the macOS High Sierra installer distribution or USB drive, edit the command to include your names. If the macOS High Sierra installer was not in the Applications folder, edit the command to include its current location.

5. Enter the password (it is not displayed on the screen) and press the Enter key.

This will begin the process of creating a bootable macOS High Sierra USB drive. Throughout the process, the USB drive will not be visible on the desktop. The process of creating a bootable USB drive will be accompanied by the following text in the Terminal window:

Erasing Disk: 0%… 10%… 20%… 30%…100%…
Copying installer files to disk…
copy complete.
Making disk bootable…
Copying boot files…
copy complete.
Done.

Once the files have been copied, your USB drive will reappear on your desktop and Terminal will tell you that the process is complete.

6. That's it! A bootable macOS High Sierra USB drive has been created, you can close Terminal.

How to Install macOS High Sierra on Mac from a Bootable USB Drive

1. Connect your macOS High Sierra USB drive to your Mac.

2. Hold down the Alt (Option, ⌥) key on your keyboard and restart your Mac. If your Mac has been turned off, just turn it on.

3. In the window that appears, select the bootable USB drive with macOS High Sierra as bootable. After that, the macOS High Sierra installation window will appear on the screen.

4. Click "Install" and wait for macOS High Sierra to finish installing.

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Despite the fact that Apple has provided the ability to install the system from hidden section on your hard drive, do not neglect the opportunity to burn the installation image to a DVD or flash drive and feel protected from any unforeseen situations. Plus, you don't have to spend least$69 for , which will go on sale only in August.

To implement this plan, we need Lion downloaded from the Mac App Store, an empty DVD or flash drive, the volume of which exceeds 4 GB, as well as 30 minutes of free time. Also, be sure to copy the entire important information(if any). So let's get started.

Go to the directory with installed programs, we find the application Install Mac OS X Lion.app there (if it is not there, you will have to re-download from) and select in context menu"Show Package Contents" option.

In the window that opens, you should make a trip through internal structure directories and go to the SharedSupport folder.

We are interested in the first file with a size of 3.74 GB. If you want to create a bootable DVD, it's enough to take any application that can write DMG images and use it to burn InstallESD.dmg to disk (just copy it at least to the Desktop first).

IN otherwise double-click on this file with the left mouse button and wait until a mounted image called Mac OS X Install ESD appears on the screen:

It's time to insert the USB flash drive into your computer and run Disk Utility, which is located in the Programs > Utilities folder. Now in the sidebar, select our flash drive, and on the right, the tab Erase.

In field Format type must be selected file system"Mac OS Extended (Journaled)", in the box Name enter something conscious and press the button Erase. The formatting operation will take certain time(depending on the size of the flash drive).

It remains quite a bit - to restore our connected InstallESD.dmg image to a USB flash drive. To do this, select the flash drive again in the side menu and click on the tab Reestablish.

In field A source drag the image icon called Mac OS X Install ESD, and in the field Purpose- our newly formatted flash drive.

Check several times that you did not mix up the fields, and also did not select any necessary flash drive as the destination. If everything is correct, then feel free to press the button Reestablish and you can go for a walk:

That's all! Now, when the need arises, it will be enough to insert the USB flash drive into the USB port of your computer and after turning it on, press and hold the Option (Alt) key to select the boot partition.

You may be wondering which is better: burn a DVD or create an installation flash drive? I think that the latter option is more acceptable, and the owners and new Mac mini no need to choose at all 🙂