Azo recording layer. CD-R discs, basics of technology

Verbatim is a leader in advanced technologies. Our company is able to maintain its leading position and supply the market with the most modern products and high-tech solutions thanks to extensive scientific research hosted by Japanese parent Mitsubishi Kagaku Media.
We are proud of our production technologies.

Double layer (Double Layer)

The first writable layer of a Verbatim Dual Layer Disc is translucent while providing enough reflectivity to read/write the first layer of data, while allowing enough laser energy to pass through to read/write the second layer after the laser has been refocused. In addition to optimizing the reflectivity of the layer, new materials made using AZO technology developed by Mitsubishi Kagaku Media Corporation are used to optimize a number of parameters such as signal amplitude and power headroom, and ensure compatibility with current DVD standards.

The media uses two writable layers: the first layer (“layer 0”) has a special reflective coating that allows the laser beam to pass through it and reach the second layer (“layer 1”).

AZO

Technology used in the manufacture of Verbatim's DVD recordable media.

Maximum UV resistance for increased protection and reliability.
High-quality images and sound with over 100 years of archival life.

The AZO recording layer not only withstands the powerful laser and high rotational speeds of new drives, but also improves recording performance. Verbatim pays particular attention to the durability of the AZO recording layer and its light resistance; tests show that the AZO layer is more stable and less affected by UV radiation than most other types of recording layers

The quality of a disc primarily depends on the characteristics of the recording layer material; its molecular structure must absorb laser energy with a standard wavelength for CD-R drives of about 780 nm. In order for the media to be compatible with drives that have different write speeds, it is necessary to optimize such a parameter as the wavelength at which the maximum laser energy is absorbed.

If this setting is low, the disc's sensitivity will decrease, which may cause problems when recording at high speeds. If the wavelength is too long, the reflectivity of the recorded layer is reduced, resulting in disc read errors on many drives.

The AZO recording layer has high sensitivity to ensure reliable recording at high speed, and high reflectivity to avoid read errors. The thickness of the recording layer is also of great importance. The thinner the layer, the higher its sensitivity, power reserve and ability to record at high speed.

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HARD COATING (HARD COAT)

Technology used in the manufacture of Verbatim DVD media.

Specially designed durable DVD coating exhibits excellent scratch resistance.

Some DVDs are often picked up, for example, the 8 cm DVD is constantly inserted and removed from the camcorder in a variety of environmental conditions. To protect them from possible damage, Verbatim's 8cm DVDs are provided with a hard protective layer. This layer protects the disc from fingerprints, dust, scratches, static electricity, and moisture. To check is to believe!
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CRYSTAL

The technology is used in the production of Verbatim's CD-R media.

Durable transparent surface with increased resistance to accidental mechanical damage
Storage discs should be as durable as possible, as they are often used on the go and may not always be stored in cases or envelopes. As a result, scratches appear on the surface of the disc, which leads to a decrease in the quality of the disc and, in many cases, data loss.

With this in mind, we have developed the Crystal technology for the surface of the disc. It has a durable transparent surface that is highly scratch resistant, reducing the risk of losing valuable audio recordings or important data.
Burn music and data to discs with a Crystal surface.

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SERL

Technology used by Verbatim. when making rewritable DVD and CD-RW media at 10x - 32x speed

The special recording layer used in Verbatim's CD-RW and DVD/RW media ensures that data can be written to repeatedly without interference.

Verbatim's CD-RW and DVD-Rewriteable (DVD+/-RW) rewritable discs use Super Eutectic Recording Layer (SERL) technology. The recording layer of conventional rewritable media is gradually destroyed with each rewriting, resulting in deterioration of the recording quality. With Verbatim discs, their recording layer returns to its original state with each erase cycle. the initial state, allowing you to get an excellent quality disc for your next recording. The use of SERL technology also ensures long-term storage of archived data and the ability to record at high speed. This means that users can enjoy high-speed media with excellent quality every time.
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MABL

The technology is used by Verbatim. in the production of BD-R media

MABL (= Metal Ablative Recording Layer) is a specially developed inorganic recording layer used in the manufacture of Verbatim's BD-R media to provide excellent recording compatibility and long archive data retention.

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CPRM SUPPORT

Applicable to DVD-RAM products
This media supports recording of broadcast programs in Copy Once mode.
CPRM (Copy Protection for Removable Media) - copy protection for portable media

INTRODUCTION

In the context of ever-increasing volumes of information flows, CD-R discs firmly established as standard transmission of information, as they allow you to record and securely store data in all popular formats (such as Audio CD, Video CD, Photo CD, CD-ROM) on a simple and cheap medium - a laser CD. The continued growth of the installed CD-ROM drive fleet ensures that this method of distributing large amounts of information will remain popular for a long time to come, especially after another sharp decline in the cost of pure CD-R discs(less than $1 retail) and CD recorders (the 8x speed model can be purchased for under $200) driven by rising demand and new technology.

Despite the trend towards even more significant price reductions for DVD-R (Digital Versatile Disc Recordable) technology than in the field of CD-R, the latter is still beyond the availability horizon, but even the ubiquity of DVD is unlikely to soon force out the conventional compact disc from the market. disk: it is hard to imagine that millions of CD-ROM drives, audio CD players, CD recorders will be thrown away in an instant. In addition, a regular CD with 650 MB of information or 74 minutes of sound remains the only compatible medium and can be read on any drive, including DVD-ROM/RAM, DVD-R/RW drives.

So obviously CD-R discs will be with us for a long time to come. Therefore, it is very useful to understand what they are and how they differ.

CD-R DISKS, TECHNICAL ASPECTS

The manufacturing technology of CD-R discs, like any other computer technology, is continuously improved. At the same time, changes occur in the direction of improving consumer properties on the one hand, and reducing the cost on the other.

Today, CD-R discs are produced all over the world by several dozen enterprises, but the pioneers and trendsetters in this area have been and remain the Japanese corporations Taiyo Yuden and Mitsui Toatsu, who mastered this high-tech production in the early 90s. However, the first CD-R disc was not released by them, but by Fuji Film Corporation, which used a technology similar to that already used by it in the production of photographic films: a silver reflective and metallic active layer (later, organic coatings began to be used to build the active layer) .

The first released media were quite "raw" and sometimes gave rise to very exotic problems. Some popular models of Technics CD players, often used at radio stations, accepted a CD-R disc, played the sound program recorded on it, but completely refused to give the disc back, thereby causing understandable dissatisfaction among disc jockeys, who were left without a player, but, sometimes without a show. However, after doing more research, Taiyo Yuden and Mitsui began producing CD-R discs based on an organic active layer and a gold reflective layer, an approach that is still used today. As a result, modern media are incomparably more reliable than their predecessors, but, nevertheless, it should be borne in mind that their characteristics vary greatly and directly depend on the technology used.

By its structure, a CD-R disc resembles a layer cake, the "filling" of which consists of active, reflective and protective layers, which are successively applied to a polycarbonate base - a plastic circle with a hole for fixing it on the spindle of the reading drive. At the same time, the basis of a CD-R disc is no different from that used in the technology of manufacturing CDs by casting: the characteristics of the plastic must be such that the laser beam passing through it is properly focused and does not cause destruction of the disc.

The active (or recording) layer is the layer on which, in fact, information is recorded, i.e. it is he who is exposed to the laser beam, which "burns" (burn) pits (pits), encoding information (logical zeros and ones). In other words, during recording, the active layer changes its structure under the influence of a laser beam, and the subsequent irreversibility of changes in the active layer is the essence of information storage reliability. One type of active layer widely used today is cyanine. Cyanine is the original type referenced in the Orange Book standard and has been widely used for over 10 years.

Phthalocyanine (phtalocyanine) has been used for almost as long as cyanine, and is a derivative of it. It was originally used to make the active layer for Mitsui CD-R discs (not to be confused with Mitsumi), but later Kodak Corporation acquired a license for its production and began to use this technology to make their own discs. Phthalocyanine-based discs are less sensitive to light after recording, which increases the storage life of information.

On the basis of cyanine, other active layers are also produced that have certain specific features. For example, the Mitsubishi Chemical concern developed the Metal Azo active layer. Discs based on it are sold under the Verbatim trademark and have a characteristic deep blue color from the side of the working surface. A feature of Metal Azo is the lower sensitivity of CD-R discs to the effects of the solar spectrum.

Currently on the market there are first-class models of CD-R discs with both cyanine and phthalocyanine active layers. Of course, each of the layers has its own specific characteristics. Moreover, some manufacturers mention the type of layer in their advertising campaigns in order to emphasize the merits of their disc models. So, for example, TDK reports that it is cyanine that is good for Audio CDs. On the other hand, Mitsui Advanced Media, Inc.'s "Third Millennium Discs" recommended for use by all CD recorder manufacturers use phthalocyanine. Metal Azo also shows impressive results in both compatibility and reliability. But at their core, all types of active layers have the same synthetic organic dye with various additives to give it special properties.

The active layer of a CD-R disc is key point when determining its compatibility with recording devices. This became especially relevant after the recording speeds of CD recorders began to grow faster and faster: CD-R discs and CD recorders have to keep up with each other, improve their characteristics in parallel.

In addition to different types layers used in the production of media, variations in the structure of the spiral track along which the laser beam passes during the recording of information are possible. And although the standard provides for a disc capacity of 650 MB (74 minutes of Audio CD), CD-R discs with increased capacity have recently become popular - 700 MB or 80 minutes. respectively, in which additional capacity (overburn) is achieved by reducing the track pitch. Such disks do not provide such high compatibility as standard ones (although there are no particular problems with them), but often their use is quite justified by the task.

Above the active layer of a CD-R disc is a reflective layer, which largely determines the compatibility of the disc with reading devices. Reflective layer - the thinnest plate of gold or silver. Rather, initially only industrial gold was used as a material for the reflective layer, but later it was replaced by silver, which is not only much cheaper, but also has a high light reflectance. Thus, after replacing gold with silver, CD-R discs became much cheaper, and their quality not only did not suffer, but even improved. True, in some cases, when special requirements are imposed on disks (for example, the storage time of information from medical archives), “golden” disks are still used.

The protective layer - a layer applied over a reflective layer - serves to mechanically protect a CD-R disc and apply a label to it. Options are also possible here: in the simplest case, the protective layer is a varnish coating. This is not very reliable not only from the point of view of mechanics (the varnish is peeled off quite easily), but also from the point of view of chemistry: the inscription made on the disk with an active marker can lead to loss of information due to the penetration of ink through a thin layer of varnish - it will begin to be detrimental to the disk. chemical reaction. Recently, however, some manufacturers of CD-R discs have been using special resistant varnishes to cover discs, which gives them additional reliability.

More serious protective coatings consist in applying an additional layer that protects the working layers of a CD-R disc from adverse mechanical and chemical influences. An example is the InfoGuard coverage of Kodak discs. It not only reliably protects the information on the disk, but also gives it an attractive appearance.

A special place is occupied by special coatings for applying labels directly to the disc surface. Ink Jet Printable Surface - a surface that absorbs ink applied when printing with special inkjet printers; Thermal Transfer Surface - surface for thermal printing. Such discs are widely used by manufacturers of commercial CD-R discs and produce impressive designs that are often superior in quality to offset printing and silkscreen.

In conclusion, a few words should be said about the speed CD-R recordings disks. Single speed (referred to as 1x) is the speed at which the Audio CD format is played. Therefore, if the playing time of a disc is 45 minutes, then the same amount of time should be recorded at 1x speed. However, modern CD-R discs can be recorded at speeds up to 16x - there is no dependence on the write speed and read speed: the write speed is determined by the disc manufacturing technology, the read speed is determined by the recording format and characteristics of the reader.

CD-R DISCS, MANUFACTURERS AND TRADEMARKS

So how, in fact, to choose from the variety of CD-R discs offered today exactly the one that will most fully meet your needs? Might be worth a look computer magazines? In this case, you will be bombarded with a huge number of articles and advertisements full of incomprehensible terms, the meaning of which is difficult to understand. Turn to friends who have already solved the problem of choice for themselves? But here the situation is even more complicated: some divide discs by brand, others by the color of the working surface, preferring "silver" discs to "green" or "gold" to "blue".

Perhaps you should give preference exclusively to discs from well-known manufacturers? But after all, many of them (for example, Hewlett Packard, a manufacturer of high-quality computers and peripherals) do not make CD-R discs at all, but sell them under their own brand. Then, apparently, one should choose discs under the original brand, produced by large chemical concerns such as Mitsubishi Chemicals?

Who is right? Where is the criterion? The truth, as always, lies somewhere in the middle. Armed with what we've learned about the "inside" of a CD-R disc, let's consider not so much the question of which discs to buy and which not, but the criteria by which to make a choice. First of all, you should deal with manufacturers and sellers.

As it was mentioned earlier, several dozen enterprises are engaged in the production of CD-R discs all over the world. But there are hundreds of times more different CD-R discs. Where? The fact is that the same discs can be supplied under different trademarks: the manufacturer, opening the OEM (Original Equipment Manufacturer) support program, begins to supply its products under the customer's trademark - a reception that received in computer industry extremely widespread. For example, Ritek produces discs for Philips, Traxdata, Memorex, Maxell and many others. Almost unknown in Russia, Taiyo Yuden supplies discs to such giants as Sony, JVC, Philips, BASF, Imation and is generally one of the industry leaders.

Moreover, the situation is additionally complicated by the fact that one or another trademark can be filled with different content over time. So, for example, initially Kodak (sometimes Ricoh) was hidden under Traxdata CD-R discs, and now exclusively Ritek. Philips offers discs from both Ritek (Philips Gold model) and Taiyo Yuden (Philips Silver Premium model). Moreover, the words "gold" and "silver" used in the names of the models do not at all mean the use of gold or silver reflective layers, but only report the color of the disc's protective coating. What's more, the Philips Silver Premium model is superior in performance to the Philips Gold model.

Traxdata CD-R discs: one brand - different manufacturers

Then it turns out that it is worth choosing CD-R discs from original manufacturers - that is, directly from those enterprises that make discs, and do not sell them under their own brand? Only one thing can be said here: both choices will most likely be correct precisely because they basically have the same subject. However, manufacturers of recording devices - CD recorders - in the accompanying documentation usually recommend using original CD-R discs, and not branded discs. In almost all cases, Mitsui, Taiyo Yuden, Kodak, TDK, Ricoh are mentioned. This is due to the fact that when buying a CD-R disc under a certain trademark, one cannot be absolutely sure what is inside - a disc of which manufacturer: today it can be one thing, and tomorrow another. Usually the desire to offer a more attractive price does not contribute to improving the quality of the product.

The choice of CD-R discs according to the color of the working surface can only take place when special design requirements are imposed on the appearance of the discs. What can you say if you just don’t like the green color, but on the contrary, blue evokes pleasant associations? It's all a matter of taste and personal preference. In the area of specifications There are no weighty arguments for this or that color.

So what specific recommendations can be given on the choice of media for your information? Same as for any selection in the area computer science- areas of rapid change and unexpected innovation: choose CD-R discs for the task and for your CD recorder. Of course, it would be necessary to clarify what is meant by “under the task” and “under the recorder”, but this is such a capacious question that its consideration is the subject of a separate article. In the meantime, let's give the following recommendation: use media from industry leaders such as Mitsui, Taiyo Yuden, Ricoh, TDK, Kodak, Verbatim - you can safely trust them with your unique information. And the best recommendation is the one given in the instruction manual of your CD recorder: which CD-R discs are indicated as preferred, those should be used.

CD-R COMPATIBILITY

It is obvious that information is placed on disks precisely in order to subsequently reliably read it from there. And that is why the problem of compatibility of disks for reading and writing is the most important in CD-R technology.

The compatibility of CD-R discs for recording is determined by the speed at which information can be “burned” on them and by what recording devices will work with a particular model of CD-R discs and how reliably. First of all, it should be noted that you need to burn discs at the speed for which they are certified by the manufacturer. If you take a 4x disk and record on it at 8x, the results can be the most unpredictable: is it still good if the disk simply does not burn, but what if it does burn, but the information on it will soon be lost? After all, the CD recorder will start writing to the CD-R disc at the speed that the user specifies. At the same time, there is no mechanism for automatically determining the maximum allowable recording speed. By the way, this state of affairs has been corrected in the technology of CD-RW discs - the recorder will not exceed the maximum allowable speed set by the disc manufacturer.

The highest quality models of CD recorders are equipped with a system of dynamic laser power calibration (R-OPC - Running Optimum Power Control), which will set the preferred power by first making a test recording on the service track of the disc (an analogy with Hi-Fi class tape recorders that perform a series of tests is appropriate here). cassettes for setting the optimal bias current). Similar systems basically provide best quality records.

In the early days of CD-R technology, discs were designed to fit the recorder. The cyanine layer was specially created for Yamaha recorders. At present, both CD-R discs and CD recorders are being made as compatible as possible with each other, in principle, and the mentioned R-OPC system improves this compatibility even more. Although the best disc-recorder pairings certainly exist: Ricoh makes both CD-R discs and CD recorders, so it's pretty obvious that they will work great with each other. Again, when choosing a supplier for their CD-R discs - Taiyo Yuden and Mitsui - Sony specialists must have made sure that Sony Pressa recorders provide the best recording quality on them.

Much more is said about read compatibility of CD-R discs than about write compatibility, apparently due to the fact that significantly large quantity people read information from disks rather than put it there. As mentioned at the beginning of the article, the first CD-R discs were incompatible. Regular CD players and many CD-ROM drives consistently refused to read them. Then this trouble was eliminated, but anyway, this or that new device (Sony PlayStation, for example), which normally reads ordinary "compacts", did not want to read CD-R discs. A similar effect arose because the reflection coefficient of CD-R discs was lower than that of cast discs. In addition, an important role was played by the fact that the discs were manufactured at the factories by professionals, with strict observance of standards and technological norms. Burning a CD-R disc is now available to everyone, but not everyone wants to deal with such concepts as “multisession”, “finalization” and others, without which it is impossible to get a recording of proper quality. As a result of the above, the opinion has taken root that a compact disc made using CD-R technology is a third-class disc, which, as you know, is not defective yet, but still ... In fact, everything is quite different.

Indeed, a reduced reflection coefficient took place, but for the time being. But at present, it has completely reached the parameters of cast disks, having “stepped over” the value of 70% - this means that after reflection from the disk, 70% of the original radiation power returns to the photodetector. With this reflection, the disc will be reliably read on any working reader.

Widely used CD-R duplicators - devices for duplicating CDs - helped to solve the problem of lack of experience among users: all issues of harmonizing formats and recording modes were left to automation. And the usual "desktop" software for preparing and burning CDs has become so convenient and easy to use that anyone can master it. Although without some training(at least within the limits of reading the user's manual) is still indispensable.

However, incompatibility problems sometimes still no-no, and they surfaced. So, for example, the first DVD-ROM drives, which normally read regular CDs, still refused to read CD-Rs. This was due to the type of laser diode used in the DVD, with a wavelength of 650 nm. CD-R discs were originally not designed to read at wavelengths shorter than 780 nm. However, firstly, it was quite a long time ago - in 1998 - when CD-R discs had not yet become so widespread due to their high price and manufacturers were not so concerned about the compatibility of their devices with CD-R, but, in Secondly, the problem was quickly resolved. Moreover, it was solved on both sides: Type II discs could be read both with 780 nm and 650 nm lasers, and manufacturers of DVD players began to introduce the function reading CD-R drives as mandatory (without its support, they would hardly be able to sell their devices widely), using two-laser drives (twin-laser pickup), combined optical heads (dual-lens optical head) or other solutions.

The same was the case with DVD-Video players, which had to be compatible from the bottom up not only with video compression methods for playing Video CD discs, but also with the media themselves - CDs and CD-R discs. Therefore, CD-R technology is currently fully compatible, ie. virtually all drives that can read CDs (including DVD drives), can also read CD-R discs. As for those rare cases when a high-quality CD-R disc is not readable... Ordinary CDs are not read more often.

THE FUTURE OF CD-R DISC

Ten years ago, a damaged CD-R disc was a disaster, not only because it cost over $50, but also because it wasted hours of hard work by the company's best specialist on the fastest computer equipped with an expensive CD recorder. With today's retail retail price of less than $1, one broken unit is only a mild annoyance. And, most likely, an engineer is not needed at all for data preparation and recording: this is done independently and without much effort. But will today's abundance of cheap CD-R discs remain a consumer paradise, or is a crisis coming? Is production increasing or decreasing? What is the demand?

Whether CD-R media makers are going to boom or bust is anyone's guess, but what is certain is that, at the moment, production capacities around the world continue to grow and prices continue to fall. In recent years, many Asian companies have joined the production of CD-R discs. And many recent newcomers to the field - such as Ritek and Princo - are now producing media in huge quantities and in fairly good quality.

The mass of companies that do not produce drives yourself lined up to produce their own brands. Taiyo Yuden continues to fulfill bulk orders from its OEM partners such as Sony, Philips, BASF, Imation. Ritek has an even larger number of applicants (including those listed above). TDK doubles its capacity every year, opens new factories and constantly announces new productions. In August 2000, the first production of CD-R discs was launched in our country as well. The Ural Electronic Plant began supplying its own disks to the market under the Mirex brand (from "mirror excellent" - "perfect mirror").

At present, the wholesale price of CD-R discs has fallen so much that mass production of CDs is becoming relevant not by injection molding, but by CD-R technology. So, for example, Plextor (a division of SKC) switched to such production of CDs with software for its popular CD recorders. And the advantages that a CD-R disc gives over its cast counterpart are enormous. What is at least worth it is that each disc in the circulation can be personalized and unique. What new opportunities and new markets does this open up for disc manufacturers and recorders? Forecasts may be different, but invariably favorable.

Verbatim is a leader in advanced technology. Our company is able to maintain its leading position and bring the most advanced products and high-tech solutions to the market thanks to the extensive research and development carried out by Japan's parent company Mitsubishi Kagaku Media.
We are proud of our production technologies.

Double layer (Double Layer)

The first writable layer of a Verbatim Dual Layer Disc is translucent while providing enough reflectivity to read/write the first layer of data, while allowing enough laser energy to pass through to read/write the second layer after the laser has been refocused. In addition to optimizing the reflectivity of the layer, new materials made using AZO technology developed by Mitsubishi Kagaku Media Corporation are used to optimize a number of parameters such as signal amplitude and power headroom, and ensure compatibility with current DVD standards.

The media uses two writable layers: the first layer (“layer 0”) has a special reflective coating that allows the laser beam to pass through it and reach the second layer (“layer 1”).

AZO

Technology used in the manufacture of Verbatim's DVD recordable media.

Maximum UV resistance for increased protection and reliability.
High-quality images and sound with over 100 years of archival life.

The AZO recording layer not only withstands the powerful laser and high rotational speeds of new drives, but also improves recording performance. Verbatim pays particular attention to the durability of the AZO recording layer and its light resistance; tests show that the AZO layer is more stable and less affected by UV radiation than most other types of recording layers

The quality of a disc primarily depends on the characteristics of the recording layer material; its molecular structure must absorb laser energy with a standard wavelength for CD-R drives of about 780 nm. In order for the media to be compatible with drives that have different write speeds, it is necessary to optimize such a parameter as the wavelength at which the maximum laser energy is absorbed.

If this setting is low, the disc's sensitivity will decrease, which may cause problems when recording at high speeds. If the wavelength is too long, the reflectivity of the recorded layer is reduced, resulting in disc read errors on many drives.

The AZO recording layer has high sensitivity to ensure reliable recording at high speed, and high reflectivity to avoid read errors. The thickness of the recording layer is also of great importance. The thinner the layer, the higher its sensitivity, power reserve and ability to record at high speed.

________________________________________

HARD COATING (HARD COAT)

Technology used in the manufacture of Verbatim DVD media.

Specially designed durable DVD coating exhibits excellent scratch resistance.

Some DVDs are often picked up, for example, the 8 cm DVD is constantly inserted and removed from the camcorder in a variety of environmental conditions. To protect them from possible damage, Verbatim's 8cm DVDs are provided with a hard protective layer. This layer protects the disc from fingerprints, dust, scratches, static electricity, and moisture. To check is to believe!
________________________________________

CRYSTAL

The technology is used in the production of Verbatim's CD-R media.

Durable transparent surface with increased resistance to accidental mechanical damage
Storage discs should be as durable as possible, as they are often used on the go and may not always be stored in cases or envelopes. As a result, scratches appear on the surface of the disc, which leads to a decrease in the quality of the disc and, in many cases, data loss.

With this in mind, we have developed the Crystal technology for the surface of the disc. It has a durable transparent surface that is highly scratch resistant, reducing the risk of losing valuable audio recordings or important data.
Burn music and data to discs with a Crystal surface.

________________________________________

SERL

Technology used by Verbatim. when making rewritable DVD and CD-RW media at 10x - 32x speed

The special recording layer used in Verbatim's CD-RW and DVD/RW media ensures that data can be written to repeatedly without interference.

Verbatim's CD-RW and DVD-Rewriteable (DVD+/-RW) rewritable discs use Super Eutectic Recording Layer (SERL) technology. The recording layer of conventional rewritable media is gradually destroyed with each rewriting, resulting in deterioration of the recording quality. With Verbatim discs, the recording layer returns to its original state with each erase cycle, allowing you to get a disc of excellent quality for the next recording. The use of SERL technology also ensures long-term storage of archived data and the ability to record at high speed. This means that users can enjoy high-speed media with excellent quality every time.
________________________________________

MABL

The technology is used by Verbatim. in the production of BD-R media

MABL (= Metal Ablative Recording Layer) is a specially developed inorganic recording layer used in the manufacture of Verbatim's BD-R media to provide excellent recording compatibility and long archive data retention.

________________________________________

CPRM SUPPORT

Applicable to DVD-RAM products
This media supports recording of broadcast programs in Copy Once mode.
CPRM (Copy Protection for Removable Media) - copy protection for portable media

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