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Added RAM how to activate it. How to use all RAM

Preparing for the USE and GIA exams, which schoolchildren will have to take, involves memorizing a large amount of information. How to activate the brain and improve memory performance?

We have selected the most effective mnemonics techniques and other methods of fast memorization, which will be useful not only for schoolchildren and students, but also for those whose work is related to memorization.

First of all, the mode

A large flow of information and new tasks every day - modern students and schoolchildren have a hard time.

“In order to use memory at full capacity and at the same time not bring ourselves to nervous exhaustion, it is important to understand the limits of our mental performance,” says Mariana Bezrukikh, Doctor of Biological Sciences, Director of the Institute of Developmental Physiology of the Russian Academy of Education.

According to physiologists, the secret of a good memory is in the correct daily routine.

Our brain is able to withstand continuous mental stress for only 40-45 minutes. Having worked out tightly during this time, be sure to take a 10-15-minute break.

The break is not for playing computer games or checking out what's new. in social networks. These 10-15 minutes are time for rest and relaxation. You can do exercises to relax your eyes. Maryana Bezrukikh recommends lying on a rug or sofa, relaxing your arms and legs, and breathing freely. You can put your favorite music, but only calm.

After 3-3.5 hours of work with breaks (that is, three to four intellectual load cycles of 45 minutes), it is important to take a long break, have lunch and go for a walk for at least an hour and a half.

“If you save on a walk, you will steal this time from yourself,” explains Maryana Bezrukikh. “Without a walk, all further work will be ineffective.”

Returning from a walk, you can again sit down to study - another of the same block of three or four training cycles with breaks, after which Maryana Bezrukikh advises to finish.

At six or seven in the evening you can have dinner, once again go for a walk for an hour, and then disconnect from study, relax.

In practice, most often this is followed by the third block of classes. This is not scary (unless, of course, you do not forget about breaks and rest). But it must be finished no later than midnight.

“After this time, it’s useless to practice,” states Maryana Bezrukikh. “You can sit at least until the morning, but only what was learned in the first half of the day will really stick in your memory.”

It is important to plan your preparation for the exam. If you have three days, the material should be distributed evenly.

At the same time, physiologists have long known that the second day of work will be more successful than the first (since on the first stage is coming working out), but the last day will not be as fruitful as the second. Knowing this, distribute the material, remembering to leave time for repetition on the last day.

On the evening before exams, physiologists advise to rest. Do not have a noisy party and do not walk until the morning, but relax, meet friends, get enough sleep.

“A sleepless night before the exam does not give any effect,” this is the verdict of Maryana Bezrukikh. “After it, it’s very difficult to get together, you can forget what you knew.”

Sleep contributes to a better assimilation of the information received during the day. Moreover, the quality of the reproduction of information depends on a sufficient amount of sleep between training (memorization) and the test. It is in a dream that memory is consolidated - fixing the information received and transferring it from short-term to long-term storage.

The longer the brain remembers something new, the more time it needs to consolidate. Therefore, sleepless nights before exams do not contribute to either the success of the exams or the improvement of memory in general.

How to remember better

So, you have correctly built the regime, do not forget about breaks, walks and sleep. But what is the best way to work with information in order to remember it better?

“Simply reading a textbook does not give anything,” says Maryana Bezrukikh. - You need to read and take notes, while highlighting the main ideas. Why is it often said that a cheat sheet is a very useful thing? Because when making a cheat sheet, the student draws up a brief summary, highlighting the main thing. Also, to remember, be sure to repeat. But do not re-read all the material, but go through your extracts, diagrams again.

In the assimilation of a large amount of information, mnemonics techniques can help. Mnemonics, or mnemonics, is a set of methods for accelerated memorization.

“Often mnemonics is surrounded by an aura of mystery and is presented as esoteric knowledge, accessible only to the elite. This is not true. Everyone can master the basic techniques of mnemonics!” - assures Nikita Petrov, teacher of mnemonics and speed reading in the network of centers additional education for schoolchildren "Unium".

Mnemonics Techniques: Quick Memorization Technique

1. Create artificial associations

One of the main methods of mnemonics is the creation of artificial associations (chains of associations, associative links). The bottom line is to establish a connection between two words or objects - "attach" the unfamiliar to the familiar. If there is no natural connection, it will have to be created artificially.

Communication can be anything: fabulous, fantastic, absurd, funny. The more unusual connection you can come up with, the better these objects will be remembered.

“Human memory is arranged in such a way that we easily remember what shocked our imagination,” explains Nikita Petrov. - And at the same time, information is remembered, one way or another connected with this “amazing” event. When making connections, use this: connect emotions and imagination to the material you memorize, and do not forget to put yourself at the center of these mental actions.

2. Method of phonetic associations

The method of phonetic associations is an effective technique for memorizing foreign words. In the scientific literature, it is called the Atkinson method, after the American cognitive psychologist, memory researcher, who first “officially” applied it in 1973.

The essence of the method: for a foreign word, a Russian word that is close in sound is selected, and then a bright, figurative association between them is invented. For example, you need to remember the word pillow - a pillow. There can be many consonant Russian words - this is “saw”, and “drank” (“drink” in the past tense), and “pilot”, and even “pilaf”. And then you need to associate a pillow with one of these words. For example, imagine how someone saws a pillow with a saw or how someone drank while sitting on a pillow. And imagine this picture as brightly and clearly as possible.

Experiments have shown that using the method of phonetic associations, students memorize more foreign words in two lessons than in three lessons according to the usual system, and even after six weeks, almost twice as many words remain in memory.

3. "Method of Places" or "Roman Room System"

The essence of this simple and at the same time extremely effective method in that the memorized units of information must be mentally arranged in a well-known room in a strictly defined order. Then it is enough to remember this room in order to reproduce the necessary information. This is exactly what the Roman orator Cicero did in preparation for his speeches: he walked around the house and mentally placed in it key points of his speech.

“Find 25 items in the room, arranged in order (a lamp, a laptop, a mouse, a book, etc.), explains Nikita Petrov. - Fix this "route" in memory. Take the first ticket. Write on a piece of paper keywords response. Tell a coherent story using these words. "Bind" the first word of this story to the lamp (the first item in our virtual room). Do the same for all tickets. Check your account the next day. There will be "excellent"!

This is how medieval students memorized large amounts of information. They wandered around universities, temples, streets and created their routes. Routes may vary. It's good to have multiple routes to place items in different places.

4. Alphanumeric code (PPM)

The essence of the method is that each digit corresponds to a consonant letter. Then words are made up of letters that you memorize with the help of associations, putting them into sentences and stories. Here is the code:

“Unusually, the use of an alphanumeric code seems difficult,” comments Nikita Petrov. - But if you learn it by heart and bring it to an automatic (reflex) level of recall, then make sure that better way There is no memorization of numbers.

Tricks of repetition

“The nature of our memory is such that the created associations spontaneously collapse after about 40-60 minutes, if they are not reinforced by repetition,” notes Nikita Petrov. “Therefore, the first mental repetition must be done immediately after memorization.” If you memorize text or speech information, then the second repetition should be done 15-20 minutes after the first, the third - after 6-8 hours (on the day of memorization), the fourth - the next day after 24 hours.

If you remember the exact information (numbers, dates, formulas), then the second repetition should be done after 40-60 minutes, the third - after 3-4 hours (on the same day) and the fourth - during the next day.

Do not be afraid a large number repetitions. Repeating from memory is much easier and more interesting than trying to memorize something with the usual method to no avail. You can do it anywhere: at dinner, while walking, in transport. When you memorize accurate information, you can spin it around in your head all day.

Exercises to train attention

Give half your attention to the second hand and the other half to the number sequence. Mentally list the numbers with an interval of three: 1, 4, 7, 10, 13 ... up to 60 and back, juggling the tasks in your mind. If you get confused or think about something else, start over. Try to hold out for two minutes or more.

We continue to "divide" attention. Concentrate a third of your attention on the movements of the second hand. Give the other third to the mental recitation of some poem or song. Focus the remaining third of your attention on the numerical sequence.

When washing dishes, save attention by dividing the procedure into work cycles. For example, when preparing to wash a spoon, give yourself the command: “Start!” Wash the spoon as if you were doing a surgical operation. When you finish washing the spoon, dry it and put it back. Say "Stop!" Then move on to the next item and repeat the process.

We repeat: you should not expect “quick miracles” from all of the above methods, but if you systematically practice the proposed exercises and techniques, you can achieve impressive results.

Most experts in the field of optimizing operating systems of the Windows family name one of the main problems of these operating systems as the inability to use the full amount of RAM installed on the computer, regardless of the architecture (32 or 64 bits). The system either does not recognize memory above a certain limit (usually 4 GB in 32-bit OS), or sees the memory, but cannot work with it. How to use all the RAM will be discussed later. But you should immediately warn all users that you can apply some of the solutions below only at your own peril and risk.

How to find out the used RAM?

And first, let's see how to find out the complete installed and used in this moment the amount of RAM. If you look at the system properties section, called through the RMB menu on the computer icon on the "Desktop" or in "Explorer", you can immediately notice that the description indicates both the entire volume and the available one. Why is the available size smaller? Yes, only because in any case the system is part random access memory uses it for its own needs (for processes that just ensure the functioning of the OS itself).

Similarly, one can simply refer to system monitor in the "Task Manager" if you go to the performance tab. However, there can be two situations with the impossibility of using the entire volume:

the system does not see a volume above 4 GB;
the total volume is determined but cannot be used.

Limitations of 32-bit systems

Of course, if the computer has operating system with a 32-bit architecture, all problems could be attributed solely to its bit depth, because such modifications of Windows with memory capacities above 4 GB were simply “not accustomed” to work initially. Therefore, the only correct solution to correct the situation will be the most common replacement of the x86 system (32 bits) with a 64-bit one.

But sometimes you can also find cases when, in the same Windows 7 x86, 8 GB of memory is visible, but up to 4 GB is available. But this is precisely due to the limitations that the 32-bit architecture implies. However, the situation can be even more banal, since the motherboard does not always give permission to use the full amount of RAM. In order not to change the hardware, you can turn to some hidden software tools that will help solve such a problem, if not completely, then at least partially.

How to use all RAM in Windows of any version?

So, the first step is to run the system configurator, called by the msconfig command, but always with administrator rights. If there is no such item in the Run console, you must first activate the Task Manager, and then, using file menu, set the execution of a new task, enter the specified command and mark the item for creating a task with administrator rights. How to use all RAM, regardless of architecture?

To do this, in the configurator, go to the boot tab, click the advanced options button, and in the settings window that appears, uncheck the box for using the maximum memory, in the field of which the value will most likely be indicated below the total amount of RAM. It is advisable to activate this item only if all processor cores are turned on, when for each core and it is indicated maximum size memory.

Actions in the BIOS

Now let's see how to use all the RAM (remove the limit limit) using the BIOS primary I / O system settings for this. Sometimes this also helps, although, as is probably already clear, the bitness of the installed operating system is also not taken into account here.

In the partition menu, you need to find an option containing something like RAM Remapping (over 4 Gb) or Memory Hole, and activate it by setting its value to Enabled. If there is no such item in the settings, most likely, BIOS version changing such options is not supported. However, they can be accessed by installing updated firmware for the primary system itself. But without special knowledge, it is not recommended to do such things on your own, since the consequences can be completely unpredictable.

Patching system files

Finally, let's look at a solution specifically for x86 systems. Just about its use at your own peril and risk, it was said at the very beginning. In order to bypass restrictions and use RAM in 32-bit Windows operating systems, you can use the ReadyFor4GB utility, which is suitable for cases when the system does not see more than 4 GB, and for situations where the full amount of memory is determined, but it does not seem to be used possible.

After starting the program by running on behalf of the administrator of the same name executable file EXE format from the folder itself portable application successively press the Check and Apply buttons. After that, a message will appear in which you need to agree to install the patch for the ntkrnlpa.exe file by clicking the appropriate button (this will save the ntkr128g.exe file). Now from the same folder you should run the script file AddBootMenu.cmd (again, as an administrator), and then press the "Y" and "Enter" keys. At the end of the script execution, it remains to close command console, perform similar actions with the RemoveWatermarkX86.exe file and restart the computer. If during the restart process the "Boot Manager" menu appears, in it you need to select the line for the system Microsoft Windows.

The corresponding entry will appear in the configurator. You can check the available and used RAM through the usual section of the computer's properties.

Note: If you have problems installing a patch in Windows 7, you may first need to uninstall system update packages (KB) with numbers 3147071, 3146706 and 3153171 in the Programs and Features section, set a second search for updates and exclude these updates from the installation list.

Conclusion

How to use all the RAM, I think, is a little clear. It remains to add that the methods described above are more focused specifically on 32-bit systems, since in Windows with a 64-bit architecture, such situations occur infrequently, and the default settings are usually such that no additional actions are needed. For that matter, to free up more RAM, remove unnecessary items from the startup partition or disable unused services and system components.

How to activate memory?

Master's response:

How fast a computer runs depends on the amount of memory. There are several ways to increase memory. In addition to interfering with the hardware device, software methods are also provided.

You can increase the memory of your computer by adding new modules. First you need to find out the type of RAM that will suit you. To do this, write down the name of the motherboard by overwriting it from the device manager. All this must be done in order to choose the right device. Look at the amount of modules that you have available. For all slats of memory, the volume must match. Install memory cards. After that turn on the computer. In the properties menu, check if the volume has increased.

RAM can be increased in another way: by adding more space to the paging file. To do this, you need to go to the properties of the computer and in the window that appears, select the tab advanced settings. Next, select the item responsible for system performance, then allocate memory as you wish.

Specify the start and end size, HDD or his volume. After all the settings, click the "Set" button, apply the changes and save them. After that, you should restart your computer.

If necessary, in the same properties menu in the system settings tab, free up some of the RAM by appearance systems. Here you need to choose from existing settings schemes or set your own parameters.

The performance of RAM can be improved by optimization tools. To do this, download and install special program, which from time to time will clean the registry from unnecessary entries, close unused services, terminate unnecessary processes etc.

This can be done manually as well. But for this, you need to know exactly which processes and programs can be terminated, and which must be left. Nevertheless, similar programs are needed not only to optimize memory, they will be useful for the entire computer.

I will not pour water on why additional RAM is needed and what it gives, because if you have already wondered about increasing RAM, then you probably know why you need it.

The main parameters of RAM for which you need to buy additional RAM:
1. First of all, we need to find out the maximum amount of supported memory of our motherboard. To do this, you can go to the official website of the motherboard or to a site where there is a detailed review.
2. Next step, open our system unit, namely the left side side after turning off the computer and disconnecting the power cord from the mains.
3. On motherboard We are looking for a bar of our "old" RAM. As shown in the figure, bend the mount in reverse side from the RAM stick itself and remove it.

In order for the compatibility of our new and old RAM to be at its best, it is necessary that all the parameters be the same as much as possible. To do this, carefully look at the next step.

4. The figure below shows the RAM on which there is a sticker with its main parameters:
Memory capacity: 8GB
Clock frequency: 1333MHz
Manufacturer: Corsair XMS3
(It is recommended to buy a "twin" for full compatibility, or at least you can neglect the manufacturer).

Having chosen the RAM we need, we proceed to direct installation:
5. Please note that the slots where to put additional RAM are signed on the motherboard (see the figure below).

6. We install our first bar in the DDR3_1 slot, and the second, respectively, in DDR3_2, as shown in the figure above.

7. We collect the system unit and supply power to it, then turn on the computer and wait for the full load. We go to the "My Computer" property, a small window of the parameters of your PC will appear at the bottom of which the amount of RAM will be written - this is the total amount of your RAM.

Interesting facts and tips for expanding RAM:
1. Before buying a new RAM, check that it will fit you exactly in all respects.
2. Be aware that not every operating system can support more than 4GB of RAM
3. If you have the opportunity, then when buying a new RAM, make preference with an iron case - this will increase heat transfer and extend the service life.
4. If the purchase comes with two bars at once, then buy them in a set of one box, even if it is a little more expensive, but better and more reliable.

Now, as I promised, I will present you a program for testing and obtaining information about RAM:
Program name: Everest Ultimate Edition 5.30.1900 Final
This program is designed to collect information about the computer as a whole, and about specific device. It also allows you to test equipment, make settings for the optimal configuration and receive complete and detailed reports. The program is shareware, that is, its test period is 30 days, but all its components are available for work.

General program window

On the left is the navigation menu. We are primarily interested in the section motherboard(it is also the mother board, since it is in it that our board is connected). Next, we go to the memory subsection and all information about the memory of our computer appears in the central window. We are also interested in physical memory, it is operational. In this section, we get data on the total volume, how much is busy, free and how much is loaded in percent.

If we go to the test section, then there are already four test options for our physical memory:
Reading from memory;
Write to memory;
Copy to memory;
Memory delay.