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Presentation on the topic: Capabilities of network software for organizing collective activities in computer networks. Usenet newsgroup service

When using Office and OneDrive or SharePoint, you can work on Word documents, Excel spreadsheets and PowerPoint presentations with other people. Co-authoring means that multiple authors are working on a document at the same time.

What do you need for co-editing?

Co-authoring is supported for documents saved to OneDrive or SharePoint.

Collaboration with other users requires the following:

Shared storage. For co-authoring, you can store documents in OneDrive, OneDrive for Business, SharePoint Online, or SharePoint Server.

Applications that support co-authoring Word and PowerPoint on all devices and versions later than Office 2010 that support co-authoring. Mobile Excel applications and Excel 2016 with Office 365 also support co-authoring.

Suitable document. Co-authoring is only supported in modern file formats, including DOCX (Word), PPTX (PowerPoint), and XLSX (Excel).

Editing permissions. All authors must have permission to read and modify documents.

Create and open documents for co-authoring

You can create documents in desktop versions of Office Online or Office. additional information To learn how to co-edit documents, see the following articles:

Share Documents for Collaboration

Before you can start collaborating on documents, you must share them. In the SharePoint, OneDrive, and Office apps, you can share files with other users.

For more information about sharing documents in OneDrive and SharePoint, see the following articles:

Is it possible to work together offline?

If you open common document in classic or mobile application, you can work on it even when there is no network connection. Other authors won't see changes you make offline. When you connect to the Internet, you will be notified of any new edits, and your changes will be made available to others.

When working in word paragraph The one you're working on is locked so that other users can't overwrite your changes. If you are offline, it may happen that someone else changes the same paragraph. When you save your changes, a pop-up message will appear stating that there is a conflict. You can review the conflicting changes and decide which ones to keep.

Resolve conflict in Word 2016

If you're working on a file that's in a sync folder (such as OneDrive or OneDrive for Business), it syncs when you reconnect to the Internet, whether or not the application (Word, PowerPoint) is running. When you reconnect, the file is automatically synchronized. If there are conflicts, you will receive an alert. See Sync files with the OneDrive sync client on Windows for more information.

Who can participate in co-editing

By default in SharePoint, groups and permissions assigned to a library where a document is stored or created are inherited by all documents in it. For example, on a team site where all users have read and write permissions, anyone can participate in co-authoring. Although a SharePoint Online document library with read-only permissions allows users to add only view documents, no author can make changes unless they are explicitly invited.

SharePoint permissions are inherited, but you can set other permissions for specific users. If a SharePoint library is shared read-only, you can grant edit permission to some users. However, if the library allows editing for all users, you will not be able to limit the permissions of some of them to only viewing. Inherited permissions can be overridden with a higher permission, but not a lower one. For more information about permissions, see Permission levels in SharePoint.

Files must be explicitly shared when using a SharePoint personal site, OneDrive for Business personal library, or OneDrive personal storage. By default, only the owner of the library can edit and view them. You can decide who can edit individual files by sharing edit access with users or groups. See Share files and folders in Office 365 for more information about sharing.

Can I co-edit documents with Office 2007 and earlier users?

Although you can send files from using Word and PowerPoint 2007 or later early version in SharePoint Online or OneDrive and you can open them for editing, you won't be able to co-create those documents with these legacy apps. When a user opens a document using Word or PowerPoint 2007, SharePoint Online or OneDrive creates a lock on the document and prevents other users in Office from editing the document. For collaborative editing in Word or PowerPoint, we recommend that all participants use at least the desktop version of Office 2010, Office Online, latest versions for Mac OS or mobile application.

Can I use another storage instead of SharePoint or OneDrive?

Yes, dozens of Microsoft partners around the world support co-authoring through Office Online. Check if co-authoring with Office Online is supported by your storage provider.

However, when using third-party repositories, documents cannot be co-edited using classic Office applications and on other platforms. In addition, co-authoring of documents stored in Google Drive is not supported.

Possibility of conducting telephone conversations over a global computer network between any part of the world attracted the attention of almost all companies developing software and hardware for modern personal computers(PC). This method of telephony seems to be cheaper than those discussed above, since in this case it is only necessary to pay for the use of the Internet during telephone conversation. In the case of long-distance and even more so international calls, this can be significantly lower than the price for a regular telephone.
Examples software product that supports computer telephony on the Internet are CoolTalk (Netscape), Internet Connection Phone (IBM), Internet Phone (Intel), etc. As a rule, modern products of this type require the use of standard PC audio hardware - today almost every PC comes with a sound card), a microphone, sound speakers or head phones. The voice message enters the PC through a microphone connected to the computer's sound card and undergoes analog-to-digital conversion (as in digital telephony) with significant volume compression without loss useful information. After that, the received sequence of digital characters is divided into separate groups, called a data packet, each of which is supplied with its serial number and the recipient's PC email address. The received data packets are sent one after another to the Internet computer network. In the PC of the recipient of information, the original sequence is again compiled from the received packets, and after digital-to-analogue conversion, the original voice message is restored.
At present, the quality of this method of voice transmission is still significantly lower than in the telephony systems discussed above, since there is no guarantee of quality of service on the Internet. Each of the packets can be delivered to its destination along its own, randomly chosen route, different from the routes of other packets. Of course, the original numbering of the packets guarantees that they are compiled at the place of reception in the correct sequence corresponding to the original message. However, the difference in delivery routes always leads to a difference in the delays of packets when they are distributed over the Internet. When sending messages Email(where the packet transmission method is also used) this will only lead to a slight (no more than a few seconds) increase in the total transmission time of the message, which will not affect the quality of its reception. But such a delay is unacceptable when transmitting a voice message in the course of a dialogue. Attempts to restore the original message with uncontrolled differences in the delay time of individual packets cause systematic short-term loss of sound, which drastically reduces speech intelligibility.
This phenomenon can be prevented by increasing bandwidth Internet channels, i.e. use of channels with a higher information transfer rate. However, this will inevitably increase the cost of using the Internet. those. the disappearance of the main advantage of such a telephony method. To overcome this drawback will allow the development of new, more effective methods transmission of packet messages with guaranteed quality of packet delivery.
Most of the software and hardware tools offered by firms implement functions that go significantly beyond the scope of the actual telephone communication. So, along with the voice transmission function, the following are offered: answering machine services; services voicemail(sending a file containing a short voice message, similar to the voice pager mode); photo display on screen caller before connecting with him; the possibility of holding multilateral text teleconferences; real-time exchange of text messages entered from the keyboard of computers; sending pre-prepared files of any type (text, graphics, including electronic copies of documents) during the conversation; sharing screen space for preparing and discussing various text and graphic documents.
On fig. As an example, Figure 3 shows the main menu of the CoolTalk system with the window opened for dialing the called party's address. In this case, it is possible to set both the e-mail address of the called subscriber and the unique address this computer to the Internet (so-called IP addresses).
After connecting, a picture of the called party appears in the main CoolTalk window (Fig. 3). Each CoolTalk user enters an electronic copy of his photo and his personal data into the PC in advance during the installation of the corresponding program on the PC. (Getting electronic copy photograph is the same as obtaining an electronic copy of any document described above.)

Figure 4 also shows a window for real-time discussions with the input of text messages from the keyboard in the CooITalk system. The need to use this mode arises, for example, if you want to record the most important parts of a telephone conversation or if the voice quality is significantly reduced.
The messages of each of the participants in the conversation are indicated in the window (Fig. 4) by indicating the e-mail address of the corresponding participant. The considered mode of discussions is implemented simultaneously with a telephone conversation.
A significant expansion of the functions of computer telephony systems is associated with the use of the so-called virtual classroom whiteboard, or "working board" (White Board), which in many cases is one of the main tools for real meetings, seminars, and discussions.

"Working Board" allows you to draw by hand, make drawings, make notes of any kind in any part of the workspace. On fig. Figure 5 shows a view of the CooITalk workboard. The working area is framed by icons that allow you to select the desired mode (drawing by hand, image of standard geometric shapes, setting the remote pointer, choosing the thickness and color of the lines, etc.). An important function of the workboard is to create text files when they are simultaneously edited by both participants of the communication session, as well as joint viewing of text and graphic files copied from PC memory.
As in real meetings or seminars, if you need to display additional illustrative materials on the classroom board, the whiteboard mode allows you to capture an image from any area of the PC monitor screen. So, simultaneously with the "working board" you can call up on the screen an image of an object received from the Internet, and move it to the "working board". In Figure 5, the discussed structural scheme is made up of symbolic drawings captured directly on the "desktop" of the computer, i.e. on the standard screen when using operating system Windows 95 and up.

An example of a CoolTalk "workboard" in fig. 5 illustrates only some additional features offered by computer telephony systems.
Thus, in situations requiring discussion by business partners, it is possible to use a wide variety of technical means, realizing the process of communication with low distortion, high speed of information exchange and a sufficient degree of confidentiality. However, the novelty and complexity of such devices determine their high cost, as a result of which they will be available only to a circle of consumers with certain financial capabilities.

The chapters "Calendar" and "Tasks" dealt with offline work with appointments and tasks. But the scope of a person's business and personal activities is not limited to offline work- As a rule, intensive contact with other people is necessary, whether they are work colleagues or friends. Thus, the question is raised about the collaboration of a team of people who are able to interpret appointments and Outlook tasks in an appropriate way.

In the chapter "E-mail" were demonstrated communication capabilities Outlook, partially solving the task (that is, it can be transmitted in a simple text message information about the conditions of the meeting or the statement of the problem). But for complete automation and uniformity of the processes associated with teamwork, Outlook offers to combine the power of e-mail with tools for planning and organizing business and personal activities of a contact.

This chapter will cover meeting scheduling and task assignment.

Meeting scheduling

I'll start by recalling the definition of a meeting given in Chapter 2, Calendar. Meeting(Meeting) is a meeting with the invitation of persons or attraction of resources. The main difference between a meeting and a meeting is that it must be coordinated with other participants in this event. When scheduling a meeting, attendees are sent a special form that collects data on their availability during the scheduled period. Outlook summarizes the data it receives and suggests meeting times. You can also coordinate resources, such as a meeting room, a projector, contract forms, etc.

Generally speaking, the entire procedure for scheduling a meeting can be divided into several stages:

compiling a list of contributors and resources;
timing of the meeting;
Drafting and distribution of meeting invitations;
handling meeting requests.

In order not to deviate from the main line of examples of this book, let's consider planning a meeting for a group of writers of the BHV-Petersburg publishing house, the purpose of which is to review and analyze the books proposed for publication.

Compiling a list of contributors and resources

Any meeting planning begins with identifying and listing the participants and resources for that meeting.

Example 10.1. Select meeting participants and resources.

(View of the Calendar folder)
Actions › Schedule a meeting(Fig. 10.1)
More › Add from address book…(Fig. 10.2)
Name<Контакт>
Mandatory >

Rice. 10.1. Meeting Scheduler Dialog Box

Network software has firmly entered the life of a person of the 21st century. What opportunities does it provide ordinary users? How is the organization of interaction between different people? What equipment is used for this? Here is a partial list of questions that will be discussed in the article.

Opportunities

What does network software provide in terms of organization collective activity? You can't describe everything at once. To begin with, let's focus on the possibilities of information exchange in global and local networks:

Email.
Newsgroups.
Conversations over the Internet.
Teleconferences.
Newsletter.
Real-time communication tools (which can transmit text, sound, and images) and also work together with other applications.
Videoconferencing.

All this is used in order to conduct personal correspondence, work with information resources, send data, send necessary files and notify about news.

Tools used

Speaking about the possibilities of the network software to organize collective activities, it is necessary to pay attention to the software used. So, for communication, an important role is played by mail servers. That's what they call special programs, which forward messages between mailboxes. It helps the user to compose, send and display them. Also, a network forum can be used to organize collective activities, which is organized in order to conduct discussions and exchange news of a certain direction. For urgent meetings, you can use video conferencing. They are helped to organize a lot of different software. The most famous are Skype and Raidcall. But this is all just the surface of possibilities. So, large enterprises are interested in creating their own And as a reasonable addition - a separate line of communication. So let's focus on technical features fulfillment of such needs.

What is network software?

This is an essential addition for any business. The capabilities of network software make it possible to provide an organization with collective access to information and computing resources of the network, dynamically distributing them in order to increase the efficiency of data processing and optimally load. Drawing an analogy, we can recall the earth's crust. software is such that the part works for more high level, the other is aimed at the hardware. But everything interacts as a whole. In this case, the following categories of software can be distinguished:

General software. Created by the underlying applications of individual computers that are part of the network.
Special software. Created by application applications that reflect the specifics for the user when the control task is implemented.
System network software. Represents a set of tools that support and coordinate all resources computer network as a single system.

Operating Systems

Usually they mean software that is responsible for performing basic functions on a computer. In the network, they act as a foundation for organizing the environment of collective activity. So, operating systems, thanks to their components, provide:

Interprogram access. In this case, the possibility of organizing links between individual applications is implied. software complexes that are implemented in different nodes of the network.
Access of individual applications to resources (from the user's point of view, I/O devices are primarily meant).
Synchronization of the work of various software tools.
Information exchange.
Execution of commands received from the terminal that the operator enters.
Exchange of a set of data between different computers connected to the same network.
Remote job entry (if you need to work from a remotely located terminal).
Access to data stored in other computers, as well as the ability to process them.
Protection of information and network resources from access by third parties.

Usefulness of operating systems for users

OS significantly facilitate the work of a person. So thanks to them:

You can set the sequence of solving existing tasks.
The operability of network facilities (hardware and software) is monitored.
Tasks can be provided with the necessary data that is stored in different network nodes.
The operational and planned distribution of resources is implemented depending on what needs are this moment users have.

Features of the OS

The capabilities of network software for an organization require careful configuration and a certain work methodology. So, it is necessary to take care of the timing and order of receipt of information by subscribers, the distribution of the list of tasks to be solved among all computers in the network, as well as assign priority degrees of execution and, if necessary, change the configuration of the computer. Operational management allows you to receive and process information about the origin and purpose of processes, perform the necessary tasks and collect data on work. In this case, the operating system acts as a dispatcher. It monitors the opening and closing of files, manages the memory used, maintains programs and protects them.

Networking

This is one of the most important responsibilities of an operating system. Two approaches are considered regarding the support of the communication capabilities of computers with each other. The first one provides for their supply with network facilities that interact with the autonomous OS. The second approach provides for their presence as part of the operating system itself (it is more widely used in modern world). It should also be noted that the OS has two network functions: server and client. This division is due to the difference in the tasks that they face, and which performs network hardware. Server-type networking software aims to manage resources. Customer-oriented, on the other hand, is engaged in servicing the needs of its owner with maximum efficiency and speed. At the same time, it is necessary to pay due attention to the platform on which the software operates, as well as its characteristics.

Speed and multithreading

What should be the network software? The organization of collective activity only benefits from working at a speed that is the maximum possible. Multithreading plays an important role in this. essence this process quite complicated, but we'll figure it out. So, there is a microprocessor that operates at high speed, measured in small units of time - cycles per second. They are executed regardless of the existence of any task. Therefore, the processor often runs idle. To minimize this, the device highlights several separate components that deal with certain areas of action. By changing their size, you can influence the qualitative aspect of the work of the team. So, accounting, for example, needs to constantly receive data from local network about available resources and finished products. Whereas the staff of auxiliary workers need access to it only for compiling reports on the work done.

Information exchange

In order for users to work effectively, you need to think about quality networking software (not forgetting the hardware). So, for example, for remote access a modem can be configured to the enterprise database, with the help of which work will be carried out as if within the walls of the company. The only conditional limitation will be the slowness of data transfer. You can also use group work tools to distribute access levels. They will also be useful in order to organize the consistency of versions of documents on which several users are working. It will not be superfluous to set up saving temporary backups, which will be stored on a network server, a separate computer or in the cloud. But at the same time, it is necessary to control the standardization of data exchange. This will significantly reduce the likelihood of an error, and will also have a positive effect on the speed of transmission of information packets over networks.

Not surprisingly, in recent times more and more people prefer to work from home, or simply refuse to travel and prefer to keep in touch using remote work tools. That is why you decided to publish an overview of the tools for this.

Ta-da List
Ta-da List is a tool for group work with lists. If you need to maintain lists within a team, this is the most suitable tool that does its job well, but is not overloaded with functionality.
time bridge
TimeBridge is a scheduling system that integrates with Google Calendar, Exchange, and Outlook to make it easy to manage meeting schedules between people living in different time zones.
Campfire
Campfire is another brainchild of the creators of Basecamp and Backpack, a web application that combines chat and instant messaging functions, which is created specifically for business use. Free version allows simultaneous participation of no more than 4 users, but often this is quite enough.
Google Docs & Spreadsheets
The main element of any list of tools for group work. - this is probably one of the best tools for group work today. You can both edit texts and work with tables together with your colleagues.
Writeboard
If you're looking for something simpler than Google's tools, then you might like Writeboard, which is a lightweight and simple web application that works great with revision history and allows you to collaborate on simple documents in a simple and understandable way.
Evernote
Evernote is a wonderful tool for saving all sorts of notes, and has collaboration features so you can send documents from user to user. in this way, you can even write an entire book together with other authors. You can, of course, use Google Docs for this, but there are no such opportunities for creating notes and quotes from a variety of sources. Although it is possible to use Google Notebook and Google Docs together for the same purposes.
mixin
Mentioned earlier allows you to use only the time that all participants have designated as free, Mixin takes on the job of offering a convenient time from the point of view of the system for everyone. This tool can serve as an accompaniment to TimeBridge when participants can't find common free time for everyone.
Task2Gather
There are a bunch of online task systems out there, but they are better suited for project management and team collaboration than many, if not all of them. If you're looking for an app that combines both personal task management and team project management, Task2Gather is a good choice.
MediaWiki
The Wiki has long been regarded as one of the most advanced collaboration tools out there, combining collaborative editing with communication, notifications, group mailings, and more.
MediaWiki is demanding when it comes to deployment and customization, but it certainly makes up for it with its rich features.
Delicious
If you have to work where there is a need to constantly evaluate and process links in a team, then - best tool for this. Adding view tags for:username, you can create a list of links to view a particular team member, organizing something like a to-do list.
WordPress
If you're looking for a blog that's well-suited for collaborative blogging, then WordPress, with the latest changes, is a great choice. It is not even worth recommending anything else to support a collective blog. among other things, it supports version control and therefore makes it easy to roll back unnecessary changes and correct the situation in case of any trouble.